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Racism, A Term Which Is Research Paper

The Sentencing Project (2008) indicated that racial disparity in the federal, state and local judicial system is noted to exist due to several causes. The cause of racial disparity are kind of varied and include various levels of criminal activities, legislative policies, emphasis on certain communities as well as decision making structures used by the criminal justice practitioners. The illegitimate racial disparity is however noted to rise from the rather dissimilar treatment of people who are similarly situated but on the basis of their race. In some cases, the racial disparity arises due to supervisory issues that affect the criminal justice system. This is usually perpetrated by the subordinate staffs whose actions are unsupervised and are unnoticed.

The issues of supervision that causes racial disparity

Racial disparity is noted by the Sentencing Project (2008) to arise from certain factors that can be regarded as issues of supervision. These include those that arise from the unguarded, institution or individual -- level decisions that are primarily race-based. Structural racism which is derived from the existing differential treatment of individuals having characteristics that are highly correlated with the issue of race such as poverty is also noted to cause as well as aggravate the issues of racial disparity.

The ethical issues found within the criminal justice system that deal with racism

The criminal justice system is noted by Banks (2009) to be marred with ethical dilemmas. The issue of racism within the system is however noted to further complicate the issue since in reality every prisoner should be accorded equal basic rights (Pollock,2006).It is therefore critical that all prisoners be treated equally and given access to equal opportunities as stipulated by the U.S. constitution and the Criminal Justice Ethics. Racial profiling should therefore be tackled via the appropriate application of the Criminal Justice Ethics (Risse,2007).

Conclusion

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There is therefore a need for an elaborate Criminal Ethics Act to be drawn in order to shun this sickening monster.
References

Blumstein, a lfred, and Alien E. Beck. (1999). "PopulationG rowthi n U.S. Prisons, 1980-1996." Crime and Justice: A Review of Research2 6: 17-60.

Cindy, B (2009).Study Site for Criminal Justice Ethics, Theory and Practice

Davey, J.D. (1998). The Politicso f PrisonE xpansion. Westport, CT: Praeger.

Hagan, J. And C. Albonetti. (1982). Race, class, and the perception of criminal injustice in America.American Journal of Sociology, 88(2), 329-355.

Hacker, a,, (1992) Two Nations: Black and White, Separate, Hostile

Lipsky, Michael. (1980). Street-Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmaso f the Individualin PublicS ervice.N ew York:S age

Pollock, PM (2006). Ethical Dilemmas and Decisions in Criminal Justice (Ethics in Crime and Justice). Wadsworth Publishing

Risse, M (2007).'Racial Profiling: A Reply to Two Critics', in Criminal Justice Ethics, 26.1. (2007) 4 -- 19.

Schneider, Anne, and Helen Ingram. (1993). "Social Construction of TargetP opulations:I mplicationsf or Politicsa nd Policy."A mer-ican PoliticalS cienceR eview8 7: 334-47.

The Sentencing Project (2008). R e d u c I n g Racial Disparity in the Criminal Justice System:a Manual for Practitioners and Policymakers.

http://www.sentencingproject.org/doc/publications/rd_reducingracialdisparity.pdf

Tonry, Michael. (1995). MALIGN NEGLECT: RACE, CRIME and PUNISHMENT in AMERICA. New York: Oxford University Press.

Nicholson-Crotty, S and Meier, K (2003).Crime and Punishment: The Politics of Federal Criminal Justice Sanctions.Political Research Quarterly, Vol. 56, No. 2 (Jun., 2003), pp. 119-126.

Sources used in this document:
References

Blumstein, a lfred, and Alien E. Beck. (1999). "PopulationG rowthi n U.S. Prisons, 1980-1996." Crime and Justice: A Review of Research2 6: 17-60.

Cindy, B (2009).Study Site for Criminal Justice Ethics, Theory and Practice

Davey, J.D. (1998). The Politicso f PrisonE xpansion. Westport, CT: Praeger.

Hagan, J. And C. Albonetti. (1982). Race, class, and the perception of criminal injustice in America.American Journal of Sociology, 88(2), 329-355.
http://www.sentencingproject.org/doc/publications/rd_reducingracialdisparity.pdf
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