Verified Document

Racial Profiling Term Paper

Mcleod (2003) examines the viewpoint that the problem with racial profiling is that it unmistakable identifies a certain portion of the population as 'them' and pairs that description against 'we' suggesting that racial disparities upset the natural order of things (p. 343). Such thinking is not only outdated, but it also lays the foundation for ineffective policy and law enforcement efforts that are not focused on the problem, but are rather focused on a superficial aspect of a persons overall composition, namely their race (Mcleod, 2003).

Banks (2003) suggests that racial profiling is irrational and pervasive, and results in widespread investigation of black, Latinos and other racial minorities without empirical evidence to suggest that there is a valid reason for doing so. In addition Banks (2003) confirms that racial profiling results of mistreatment of racial minorities which leads to subsequent tensions between racial minority communities and law enforcement agencies, which can damage the ability of police agents to effectively address crime within urban communities.

Current Trends

As a result of the negative information available with regard to racial profiling, numerous law enforcement agencies and government officials now have publicly "disavowed" the practice, prohibited it, or condemned it completely (Banks, 2003). Many studies of law enforcement practices are also being adopted in order to document the extent to which racial profiling is occurring, and in an attempt to identify whether such efforts have been effective or not (Banks, 2003). Extensive evidence suggest that even in jurisdictions that have prohibited the practice, racial profiling is still occurring, perhaps as a result of ingrained practices that officers or law enforcement officials are having a difficult time overcoming (Banks, 2003).

The large majority of evidence available with regard to racial profiling suggests that the practice is largely ineffective, or at minimum the practice has provided ambiguous results and little empirical evidence (Banks, 2003).

Discussion

The majority of information available with regard to racial profiling suggests that racial profiling as a practice is an ineffective method of deterring criminal activity (Trende, 2000; Harris, 2002; Mcleod, 2003; Bass, 2001). In addition a large body of research is available which suggests that racial profiling disproportionately targets minority populations and results in increased tensions and poor relationships between law enforcement agents and minority citizens (Banks, 2003; Bass, 2001; Harris, 2002).

Despite this...

However there is little empirical evidence available that supports this argument.
There is also evidence to suggest that racial profiling results in less effective crime fighting and a tendency on the part of law enforcement agents to focus on suspects based on race rather than focus on them based on legitimate reason (Banks, 2003).

Current trends suggest that despite an adequate amount of support refuting the efficacy of racial profiling; it is still a relatively common practice among many police agencies (Banks, 2003; Mcleod, 2003; Harris, 2002). In addition whereas in the past primarily African-Americans and Latinos were targeted, now there is increasing emphasis on Arabs, Muslims and people of Middle Eastern descent (Hoopes, 2003).

Recommendations/Conclusions

It is vital that law enforcement agents adopt practices that promote strong crime fighting practices and equal treatment under the law. To do so law enforcement agencies must promote fair and objective crime fighting practices. The result from the preliminary analysis conducted on racial profiling suggest that racial profiling is by and large, a negative practice that impacts minority populations in a disproportionate manner. The researcher proposes further research into racial profiling and a qualitative analysis of racial profiling practices among local law enforcement agencies in order to determine the extent to which racial profiling is still a problem that needs be addressed in local agencies.

References

Banks, R.R. (2003). "Beyond profiling: Race, policing and the drug war." Stanford Law Review,

Bass, S. (2001). "Policing space, policing race: Social control imperatives and police discretionary decisions." Social Justice, 28(1): 156

Harris, D. (2002). "Flying while Arab: Lessons from the racial profiling controversy." Civil

Rights Journal, 6(1): 8

Hoopes, J., Quinlan, T.L., & Ramirez, D.A. (2003). "Defining racial profiling in a post-

September 11 world." American Criminal Law Review, 40: (3): 1195.

Mcleod, L.J. (2003). "The wages of sin: Glenn Loury's the anatomy of racial inequality." Social

Theory and Practice, 29(2): 343

Reed, F. (2000). "Threat of racial profiling handcuffs our police forces." Washington Times,

November 20: 2.

Trende, S.P. (2000). "Why modest proposals offer…

Sources used in this document:
References

Banks, R.R. (2003). "Beyond profiling: Race, policing and the drug war." Stanford Law Review,

Bass, S. (2001). "Policing space, policing race: Social control imperatives and police discretionary decisions." Social Justice, 28(1): 156

Harris, D. (2002). "Flying while Arab: Lessons from the racial profiling controversy." Civil

Rights Journal, 6(1): 8
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Racial Profiling Is Not New, However, and
Words: 1036 Length: 3 Document Type: Essay

Racial profiling is not new, however, and was a theory of sociology in the late 19th century known as Social Darwinism. Incorrectly using Darwin's theory of evolution, the Social Darwinists believed that some species were morally superior to others, and even some races superior to othersJohnson () Public perception, though, believes in favor of seeing race as a reason for crime, and having a considerable fear of anyone outside their own

Racial Profiling Since 9-11
Words: 4303 Length: 10 Document Type: Term Paper

Racial Profiling Since 911 The racial profiling implies the discrimination by police to detail a person as suspect basing on the racial manifestations. In the present days the process of racial profiling has changed to a great extent. (Harris, 58) The racial profiling, till the present period was indicated towards the practice of police dragging over the black male drivers discriminately on the empirically valid but morally denounced hypothesis that they

Racial Profiling Has Been a
Words: 2706 Length: 9 Document Type: Research Paper

The inverse would also be true. However, that question is not entirely black and white, pardon the pun (Stenning). The reason for this is that race can inform whether or why to stop someone for a traffic stop or on the sidewalk with racism not being the root reason. For example, a young white woman in her 20's would stand out like a sore thumb in a drug-infested area that

Racial Profiling the Distinguished Harvard Professor Henry
Words: 2081 Length: 8 Document Type: Thesis

Racial Profiling The distinguished Harvard Professor Henry Louis Gates Jr., director of Harvard's W.E.B. Du Bois Institute for African and African-American Studies, was arrested for trying to break into someone's house. It happened to be his own (Project America; 2008). This is but one of numerous cases of racial profiling that has been documented in this country and that points to the injustice and irrationality of singling out ethnic minorities for

Racial Profiling Racial and Religious
Words: 1300 Length: 4 Document Type: Research Paper

Ramirez et al. explains this clearly stating "when law enforcement practices are perceived to be biased, unfair, and disrespectful, communities of color and other minority groups are less willing to trust and confide in law enforcement officers and agencies, to report crimes that come to their attention, to provide intelligence and information, and to serve as witnesses at trials (Ramirez et al., 1996)." The author further explains that as

Racial Profiling Just This Past
Words: 2189 Length: 7 Document Type: Term Paper

Detroit has also joined Los Angeles and Chicago in having such a regulation. A similar bill was attempted unsuccessfully thus far in Texas (2001). Responding to the concerns of organizations that represent Hispanics, Muslims and individuals of Arab descent, the Detroit City Council unanimously recently approved an ordinance that prohibits city officials from profiling people based on their appearance, race and similar factors. The regulation also bans city officials from

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now