One other area of the world which is currently experiencing some major problems related to archeological excavations in public places is the Middle East, particularly Israel and within its capital city of Jerusalem. In this case study by Yigal Bronner and Neve Gordon, the main area of dispute lies with "the way archeology is being used in Silwan, a Palestinian neighborhood in the oldest part" of Jerusalem, where excavations, under the guidance and support of the Israeli government, are currently being carried out. However, as Yonathan Mizrachi, an Israeli archeologist, sees it, these excavations are part of "a concerted campaign to expel Palestinians from their ancestral home" by using archeology as a leveraging tool. Mizrachi's evidence for this alleged campaign has deep connections to Elad, an Israeli settlement organization which through a variety of legal means has managed to "evict East Jerusalem Palestinians from their homes and replace them with Jewish settlers," something which apparently is quite accurate, due to the fact that Jewish homes have been built at several archeological sites which earlier were fenced in and protected by armed guards (2008, Internet).
Thus, in the opinion of Mizrachi, "Archeology has become a weapon of dispossession" in the city of Jerusalem and in other regions which many Palestinians call home. Clearly, this situation has much to do with Israeli nationalism, for as Bronner and Gordon point out, the mission of archeology in Israel, especially within the city of Jerusalem, one of the most "holiest and most sensitive sites in the Middle East...has often been deployed in the service of nationalism" as a means to "underscore the Jewish and biblical past of the land" in order to "differentiate Zionism from more traditional colonial ventures," part of the Israeli people's desire to "return to the original Jewish homeland" as laid out in 1948 by the United Nations and its decision to wholly support the creation of a Jewish state in the Middle East (2008, Internet).
In addition, the Israeli government and those hired to excavate archeological sites in Jerusalem and elsewhere "have violated several ethical rules as stipulated by the World Archeological Congress," such a failing to recognize the "indigenous cultural heritage" of the Arab people and failing to establish "equitable partnerships and relationships" between archeologists and those individuals affected or displaced...
Examination of Compiled Birth and Death Date Data By averaging the ages of death for all of the seventeen (17) males in the data set, as well as the eighteen (18) females, it was possible to calculate the average age of death for each gender. For the thirty-five (35) subjects studied in this section of Oak Grove Cemetery, males were deceased at an average age of 63.65 years, while females were
Artistic Analysis of "The Weeping Woman": A Plan to Develop a New Work The meaning of artistic work continues to evolve to mold into new forms and shapes. The current sociological and economic developments are significantly influencing the artistic creations. Women have the power in the society, and, therefore, they have the freedom to do jobs, own businesses, and at a personal level, they now possess the option of sexual orientation.
Archeology THE ROLE OF CULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE EVOLUTION OF HUMANITY Understanding the evolution of humanity has been one of the most critical quests for most individuals in the current society. The intersection between environmental influences and culture creates an area of social interest with a focus on human evolution. Empirical research shows that the society plays a significant role in shaping the evolution of human beings as evidenced by psychological
Archaeologist Kathleen Kenyon Biography Of Archaelogist Kathleen Kenyon To many it might be understood that it was actually predictable that Kathleen Kenyon could possibly turn into one of the great women archaeologists throughout all of the 20th century. She was born on January 5, 1906, Kathleen was the eldest daughter of well-known theological intellectual Sir Frederick Kenyon, who was beyond 20 years administrator of the British Arts center. Sometime down the
But a multi-disciplinary approach is always useful. 4. Should archaeology students be required to take ethnographic methods classes? Yes, because that knowledge is necessary in understanding the cultures of local communities or indigenous people on whose territory an archeologist studies sites and artifacts. Local communities are also affected by excavations and the knowledge about them is essential for doing archaeology. 5. Why is timely publication important? The data are already old! One of
Western Culture -- Archeology and Perspective (2 paragraphs/250-300 wds) Imagine that you were Howard Carter. Consider the following questions in a two-paragraph essay. How would you feel as you stood before the sealed door, ready to open King Tut's tomb? What would you most want to discover and understand about the past? As you entered the room that had been sealed for over 3000 years, what would you be looking for?
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