In other words there is considerable competition for the same water resources, each possible use serving to prejudice another. Among the many scenarios proposed for alleviating the complex problems arising from this situation have been the creation of a water bank, and the issuing of permits that allow for water to be treated as a commodity in much the same way as emissions would be in an emissions credit scheme (Benson 2005). In the Los Angeles area in the first half of the Twentieth Century, a classic example of a "tragedy of the commons" ensued as developers rushed to pump out ancient aquifers before they became contaminated by seawater (Choe 2004). The story of Los Angeles' quest for ever more water created a chain of self-interest that redounded to the detriment of all. At bottom lies the competition for water in essentially desert environment. Technology made possible the creation of a large urban agglomeration in a place that otherwise would not have been able to support any sizeable human population. The more the urban area expanded, the greater the pressure to continue the expansion, and so the demand for more and more water. The more water that was pumped from the aquifer the closer it came to sea level and eventual high salinity. The private profit motives that grew out of the business of supplying water led finally to the ridiculous race to pump the water before it became to salty to use. More recently, water has continued to be treated as an industrial commodity in America's arid West. The California Drought Water Bank, established in 1991, represents an attempt to bring order out of the chaos of privatization of water rights and resources. The Bank purchases and sells water by volume, the water being collected from agricultural land that is set aside for the purpose (Zilberman 2003).
Water use is carefully monitored and managed with an eye also toward environmental concerns. The preponderance of self-interest in water allocation is thus greatly reduced.
Projects like the California Water Bank and the ill-fated...
This is what is affectionately known as cutting through the red tape. Politics and Administration 2. Whether or not administration should be separate from politics is one of the abiding controversies of our field. Describe Woodrow Wilson's and Frank Goodnow's positions (and why they argue what they do) on the matter. Then compare and contrast their ideas with those of Luther Gulick and Leonard White. How does Jane Addams conceive the
Public administration conveys activities concerned with public service (what government can give to people). Therefore, I believe that the primary objective of a public administrator should be to strive to work for all citizens regardless of their income, race, gender, creed or physical ability to ensure that they are treated justly, impartially and fairly. In order to accomplish this objective, public administration must continuously strike a balance for values that
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