Verified Document

Public Administration And Administration Of Research Proposal

Benchmarking occurs in a cycle with the first step stated as crucial and involving "planning and target setting." (cited in Rondo-Brovetto and Saliterer, 2007) the second step is stated as comparison and analysis with the third step being 'action' followed by the fourth step of 'evaluation'. The benchmarking cycle then repeats itself. (Rondo-Brovetto and Saliterer, 2007)

III. Preferred type of Leader & When the Autocratic Leader is preferable and more Efficient

The work of Kurt Lewin and colleagues in 1939 resulted in the identification of three leadership styles which are specifically regarding decision-making on the part of those in the role of leadership. Those three styles are stated as:

(1) autocratic;

(2) democratic; and (3) laissez-faire. (Lewin, Lippet, and White, 1939)

The autocratic style is one in which the decisions of the leader is made without consultation of others while the democratic style of leadership is one that involves others in decision-making. Finally the laissez-faire style of leadership tends to minimize the involvement of the leader in the process of decision-making.

When there is not a need for organizational input on decisions which are made, the autocratic style is an acceptable leadership style however, because this style of leadership often results in discontent in the organization, the democratic leadership style is often more desirable since this is generally appreciated more among members of the organization although the democratic style of leadership leaves an opening for endless debate.

The laissez-faire style of leadership is one that is generally preferred in the organization that is characterized by people who are very capable and who are motivated...

According to Lewin's research the democratic leadership style is the most preferred and the optimal method of leadership since revolution often resulted from autocratic styles of leadership that were excessive and the laissez-faire leadership style often resulted in a lack of coherence and energy within the organization. (Lewin, Lippet, and White, 1939, paraphrased)
Bibliography

Dess, Gregory, G., Lumpkin (Tom) GT, and Taylor, Marilyn L. (2004) Strategic Management: Creating Competitive Advantages. McGraw Hill Professional. 2004.

Lewin, K., Lippitt, R. And White, R.K. (1939). Patterns of aggressive behavior in experimentally created social climates. Journal of Social Psychology, 10, 271-301.

Rondo-Brovetto, Paolo, and Saliterer, Iris (2007) Comparing Regions, Cities and Communities: Local Government Benchmarking as an Instrument for Improving Performance and Competitiveness. The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Vol. 12(3) 2007. Article 13. online available at: http://www.innovation.cc/peer-reviewed/rondo13final4rev.pdf

Spendolini, M.J. (1992). The Benchmarking Book, New York, American Management Association. Cited in: Rondo-Brovetto, Paolo, and Saliterer, Iris (2007) Comparing Regions, Cities and Communities: Local Government Benchmarking as an Instrument for Improving Performance and Competitiveness. The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Vol. 12(3) 2007. Article 13. online available at: http://www.innovation.cc/peer-reviewed/rondo13final4rev.pdf

What is Strategic Management (2009) All Business Management Theory. Online available at: http://www.allbusiness.com/management/2975129-1.html

Sources used in this document:
Bibliography

Dess, Gregory, G., Lumpkin (Tom) GT, and Taylor, Marilyn L. (2004) Strategic Management: Creating Competitive Advantages. McGraw Hill Professional. 2004.

Lewin, K., Lippitt, R. And White, R.K. (1939). Patterns of aggressive behavior in experimentally created social climates. Journal of Social Psychology, 10, 271-301.

Rondo-Brovetto, Paolo, and Saliterer, Iris (2007) Comparing Regions, Cities and Communities: Local Government Benchmarking as an Instrument for Improving Performance and Competitiveness. The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Vol. 12(3) 2007. Article 13. online available at: http://www.innovation.cc/peer-reviewed/rondo13final4rev.pdf

Spendolini, M.J. (1992). The Benchmarking Book, New York, American Management Association. Cited in: Rondo-Brovetto, Paolo, and Saliterer, Iris (2007) Comparing Regions, Cities and Communities: Local Government Benchmarking as an Instrument for Improving Performance and Competitiveness. The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Vol. 12(3) 2007. Article 13. online available at: http://www.innovation.cc/peer-reviewed/rondo13final4rev.pdf
What is Strategic Management (2009) All Business Management Theory. Online available at: http://www.allbusiness.com/management/2975129-1.html
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Public Administration the Ultimate Aim of a
Words: 3062 Length: 10 Document Type: Dissertation or Thesis complete

Public Administration The ultimate aim of a public administrator is the provision of best facilities to the public and to make decisions in a way that have a positive influence on interest of the public. It is important for a public administrator to identify the problems that are being faced by the local people and then to devise strategies that are helpful in solving that problem. In this paper we will

Public Administration Public Personnel Administration
Words: 1043 Length: 3 Document Type: Essay

A great coalition of smaller firms aimed to defeat patronage and create an acceptable, predictable, regulatory environment; in other words, a credible commitment mechanism was needed, and politicians could supply this. This confluence of monitoring problem, change in political parties, and demand for security led to demand for a merit system that would offer legal security via impartial public agents, and that was less vulnerable to political manipulation (Shepherd,

Public Administration and Public
Words: 3128 Length: 10 Document Type: Term Paper

Public Administration and the Role of the Whistleblower The role of the whistleblower in Public Administration is one that continues to be controversial. On the one hand, some members of the public view the whistleblower as an important player in the maintenance of public service offices and agencies. Individuals like Edward Snowden are seen as patriots because they expose overreach and illegal activity by agencies like the NSA which overstep their

Public Administration Core Competency Final
Words: 4914 Length: 15 Document Type: Research Proposal

This is what is affectionately known as cutting through the red tape. Politics and Administration 2. Whether or not administration should be separate from politics is one of the abiding controversies of our field. Describe Woodrow Wilson's and Frank Goodnow's positions (and why they argue what they do) on the matter. Then compare and contrast their ideas with those of Luther Gulick and Leonard White. How does Jane Addams conceive the

Public Administration Woodrow's Public Administration and Politics...
Words: 589 Length: 2 Document Type: Research Paper

Public Administration Woodrow's public administration and politics dichotomy is not workable. Politics cannot be practically divorced from public administration. In fact, there cannot be effective public administration without politics. Political institutions like the parliament engages in policy formulation while the public administrators' primary responsibility is to implement the policies that have been instituted hence the perception that public administration is a detailed and systematic execution of public law. Public institutions cannot

Public Administration in Brazil Public Adminstration in
Words: 4752 Length: 15 Document Type: Essay

Public Administration in Brazil PUBLIC ADMINSTRATION IN BRAZIL The grassroots and rural development happen to be the main concern and responsibility of any responsive government in a political system. This because the power of political participation is significant in any developmental process of a country which has persistently eluded many people at the grassroots level. Brazil as a developing country needs to take into consideration the significant of efficient administrative responsibilities in

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now