Child Psychological Development
Child Developmental Observation, Interview & Report
Individual capacities are generalized abilities or skills necessary to achieve desired outcomes. According to Antonovsky (1996) what all capacities have in common, is that they foster repeated life experiences that help one to see the world as making sense, cognitively, instrumentally, and emotionally. These experiences motivate people to address challenges (meaningfulness), enhance their ability to understand current and future challenges and support the attitude that one can utilize available resources to meet challenges (Antonovsky, 1996). The importance of well developed and integrated capacities for enhancing or maintaining good health lead to the interesting issue of how these capacities develop.
This essay is aimed to examine broad issues of child development. For this purpose the author observed a child (a one-year-old infant from neighbors) and then had a brief interview with the parents as how they interaction with the baby and how she react and learn.
Human Development and Psychology
From a complex integrationist perspective, human a development is considered the consequence of bidirectional person-environment transactions over time. The term transaction is used to emphasize that individuals play an active role, not only in their own development but also in transforming the physical and social environments they are exposed to and embedded in. Complex interactions operations of multiple factors operating within individuals, between individuals, between individuals and their physical and social environments, and between different levels of society.
Individuals are feeling, thinking, and behaving, biological systems that use these processes to determine, sense, perceive, and respond to aspects of a changing social environment. All behavior, therefore, require simultaneous functioning across and between psychomotor, cognitive, social-emotional, and biological (i.e. neurological) domains regardless of whether the behavior is in the service of a primarily cognitive, social or emotional goal.
Capacities emerge naturally as children actively observe, imitate, negotiate, and practice the routines, concepts and skills that surround and involve them. Children require repeated opportunities to observe and practice developing skills in different contexts. Parents play a seminal role in the developmental process because infants' early experiences with the physical and social environment typically occur in the context of the family. Parents function to guide, encourage, and support children's naturally developing initiative to control their physical and social environments in socially acceptable ways. From the beginning parents provide a structure through which children experience the world. Through the provision of functional and play routines, children begin to anticipate and therefore act meaningfully on their environment. Furthermore, parents go about controlling the environment in full view of developing children, revealing causal and controllable relationships. Parents directly teach specific behaviors and skills, and provide feedback. Finally, parents naturally engage children in activities that require communication, problem solving, emotional regulation, social skills, and motivation to decide on and achieve personal and share goals.
Ecological Model
There has been increasing theoretical acceptance in child development, and in related fields, of the transactional-ecological model of human development in which the human personality is viewed as self-righting mechanism that is engaged in active, ongoing adaptation to his/her environment (Sameroff & Fiese, 1990, 2000). Further interactions between the individual and his or her environment are both multidirectional and complex (Bronfenbrenner, 1974). Both individual and their environments are transformed as a consequence of such transactions.
The experiences of the child adapting and interacting with its environment over time affect health by transforming capabilities, as well as personal and social resources. These transformations involve psychological changes in the organism and its preparedness to deal with new challenges (physical capabilities). Master or adaptive experiences also develop and strengthen access to attitudes, knowledge, and skills that can be called upon to deal with new challenges (personal resources). Finally, the physical and social environments themselves may be transformed as a consequence of actions of the individual whose health, in turn, in thus affected. Examples include building support networks and the resources to acquire food and shelter (social resources).
Child Development
Theories of child development are a key component in the understanding of human biological and psychological growth from birth to adolescence. There are several theories in psychology that seek to explain child development in order to explain how we grow and become adults.
In western psychology, many theories of child personality development have been crated. Erik Erikson (1950-1968), a post-Freudian theorist, extends many aspects of Freud's theory of psychological...
Psychosocial development theory was developed by Erikson and it is the best theory in psychology. He believed that personality progresses are a continuous series of stages. His theory also believes in the influence of social experience across the lifetime. Ego identity is one of Erikson's main elements in psychosocial theory. This is the self-conscious that we develop through the daily social interaction. Everyday's experiences and information in life cause major
" (Harder 2002) This stage depends on the ability to help others and care for others in order to find strength, as one's family is usually grown and new goals must be developed. This ability Erikson calls "generativity." Success during this stage means not feeling inactivity and meaninglessness. (Myers. Stages) The article discusses the father's success at generativity, or ability to find meaning in life and the ability to transmit values
Introduction Psychosocial development is a term coined by psychologist Erik Erikson to describe how individuals develop socially and emotionally throughout their lives. This theory posits that individuals go through a series of stages, each marked by a specific conflict or challenge that must be resolved in order to progress successfully to the next stage. According to Erikson, there are eight stages of psychosocial development that individuals go through from infancy to old
Biopsychosocial Case Formulation (BCF) PerspectiveThe BCF perspective considers the 4 P�s of biological, psychological, and social factors: predisposing factors, precipitating factors, perpetuating factors, and protective factors. Predisposing factors indicate vulnerabilities that could represent risk variables in the patient�s presenting issue, such as temperament, attachment style, family history of psychological disorder or prenatal exposure to substance abuse, immigration history, or access to health care. Precipitating factors are typically stressors that precipitate
How will my career and life goals fit in with the life of another person, whether a loved one, a close friend, or even my family? "Erikson describes intimacy as finding oneself yet losing oneself in another," in friendships and in love relationships ("Erik Erikson and psychosocial development," E-ssortment, 2007). Finding the right balance of intimacy and isolation from others, meeting my own goals but still caring about the
Essay Topic Examples 1. The Role of Family Dynamics in Shaping Middle Childhood Psychosocial Development: This essay would explore how various family structures, parenting styles, and sibling relationships impact the social and emotional development of children aged 6-12. It would analyze the influence of family interactions on children's self-esteem, peer relationships, and ability to cope with stress. 2. The Impact of School Environment on Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood: This topic would
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