Psychology is considered to be an area of study that involves behavior. Behavior is demonstrated in a lot of diverse areas in the field of psychology. Some of these examples are mental illness, relationships, sexuality, depression, family dynamics, or culture. Accepting of behavior is picked up by various techniques and it could be from society or changes in individuals or the overall population. Psychologists look at various factors such as experimentation, observation, and analysis and psychoanalysis methods. The area has a lot of different branches some areas to be looked at to be applied are research, consultants in governments, or societies or health care organization. Psychologist are able to work by themselves or with a group or team of psychologists. The area of psychology is to bring some kind of assistance to others, to discover the source of the issue and then try to bring some kind of solution to the issue. It is also involves trying to supply certain coping instruments or self -awareness of a person's well-being. Awareness in the area of psychology has numerous benefits because it involves being a solution someone's problem, nonetheless in the end can be extremely rewarding to see a client overcome their hardships. Being a Psychologist is a difficult occupation it calls for total devotion and consideration to every way involved. Responsibilities are towards avoiding illness, instead of simply diagnosing and trying to treat the issue, require individuals to learn how to make healthy behavior a predictable part of existing. With that said, this essay will explore all the avenues when it comes to the fields of psychology.

Historical Foundations in the Field of Psychology

Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, who were the Greek Philosophers, became the first group to question the state of mind and how the mental process works. This took place during the fourth and fifth centuries B.C (Beal, 2009). This development is acknowledged as Psychology. Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, questioned Aristotle, throughout the fourth and fifth periods B.C. Hippocrates was a Greek medical doctor that was likewise called the predecessor of medicine. Hippocrates was extremely absorbed in the study of the breathing organism and its parts. Hippocrates witnessed how the brain was able to control many parts of the body. Hippocrates medicinal morals are now imitated upon by numerous physicians. This provided increase to the biological viewpoint of psychology.

In 1897, many looked at Wilhelm Wundt to be the creator of modern psychology. He was a structuralist that argued about psychology being human experiences that come from an individual's own involvements. In other words, Wundt has this belief that an individual's mind and behavior will need to be subject to being systematically examined. Wundt conveyed the prominence of self-examination and self-exploration. As stated by Goodwin (2008), the explanations and recording of the spirit of one's own insights, though and feelings are recognized as introspection. Wundt supposed in the parting of body and body, deprived of any interaction. Each time some kind of an awake experience occurred mentally, a reaction took place in the body. For example, if an individual has a thought that is angry, then the response in the body could be that of a sensation of anger. The body and mind do have a way of working hand in hand with each other (Block, 2007). If the mind has some kind of thought, then the body will react to it and vice versa.

Throughout the 1900's, behaviorism was big deal in the United States. Nonetheless, throughout this time another practice of psychology, gestalt, was on the rise in Germany. In German, this word basically means form or formation (Vine, 2004). Max Wertheimer was gestalt's major follower. He trusts that the psychological temperament of a person is founded on one's conduct in combination with a person's experiences. In other words, Gestalt psychology is based on the unity of the body and mind.

When the 20th century came around, Sigmund Freud exposed another form of experimentation recognized as psychoanalysis. Freud absorbed mostly on the unconscious for instance thoughts, attitudes, instincts, wishes, inspirations, and feelings that he believed individuals to be uninformed of. Freud also had this belief that people's feelings and thoughts leave one's cognizant state and enter the comatose.

Freud argued that when a person was in the unconscious state, their thoughts and emotions can still be prejudiced. A good example is when a person is supposed to be in some kind of dream state. One is still having thoughts and emotions while in this unconscious state. Psychoanalysis is a mental technique that pursues the foundation for human behavior and incentive in the unconscious mind (Hess, 2005).

Philosophy of Psychology

Philosophy of psychology denotes to subjects at the theoretical...

Philosophy of psychology similarly carefully screens contemporary work shown in cognitive neuroscience, artificial intelligence evolutionary psychology, for instance questioning whether psychological marvels can be clarified consuming the ways of neuroscience, evolutionary theory, and computational modeling, correspondingly (Jenkins, 2011). Even though these are carefully connected fields, some alarms still arise in regards to the suitability of introducing their approaches into psychology. Some such apprehensions have to do with rather psychology, as the study of persons as material processing systems, is self-directed from what takes place in the brain (even though psychologists mainly approve that the brain in some sense reasons behavior whether or not the mind is "hard-wired" adequately for evolutionary examinations to be creative; and if computational models will be able to do anything in extra of offer likely applications of cognitive theories that do not mention anything about the mind (Sweetland, 2009).
Philosophy of psychology is a comparatively young field for the reason that "scientific" psychology -- that is psychology that favors experimental ways of doing things over self-examination -- came to regulate psychological studies that took place in the late 19th century. Philosophy of psychology has a concern that involves evaluating the merits of the numerous dissimilar schools of psychology that have been and are experienced (Hess, 2005). For instance, the cognitive psychology's usage of internal mental states could be associated with behaviorism, and the explanations for the extensive refusal of behaviorism in the mid-20th century examined (Clement, 2008). It is true that many did not want to accept this statement because they thought that it was too ahead of its time. In other words, they refused it because they believed it to be false and without proper explanation.

Modern Psychology

Modern psychology birthed a whole new age of beliefs. For example there was something called positive psychology. This was known as the advancement of research methods ever since the establishment of positive psychology in 1998 has agreed this method scientific trust. Brain scans can recognize both depression and happiness by associating nerve action to the consistent emotion (Sternberg, 2009). The rise of technology has delivered machines to recognize the sources of a lot of things that were considered to be emotional responses, academics still use self-reports to look at emotions from the contributor's point-of-view. Even though the outcomes cannot be established by experimental research, self-reporting offers a holistic interpretation of the member (Snyder & Lopez, 2001). General all, positive psychology prospers in smearing scientific research to explain underwriting matters to contentment.

Cognitive psychology was another thing that was birthed into the modernism movement. Studies are achieved in a laboratory type of environment, which provides dependable outcomes that can be simulated by others under similar situations. This is for the reason that all the variables are tested in a measured position (Sternberg, 2008). Qualitative results, every so often offered statistically, are easy to precisely interpret. The incidence of new psychology too pairs cognitive purpose with physiology. Cerebral neuroscience uses imaging knowledge to test how parts of the brain procedure any form of input. The systematically viable cognitive method has prejudiced everything from child expansion to technological progressions for those that are disabled (Schultz & Schultz, 2012).

Another thing that came on the scene was humanistic psychology. Opponents of humanistic psychology have this belief that the methods utilized by humanists lack the scientific rationality, as the case studies are hard to duplicate. Research methods in humanistic psychology offer a personal opinion of the client that could possibly lead to something that could be bias; as a result, questioning the information gotten during the study (Jenkins, 2011). Since there is no tangible exploration to support the results of the clinician, scientific research is not able to bring some support to the claims that have been made by a lot of the humanists. Furthermore, the sample extents of the studies are too small to make expectations founded on outcomes (Moss, 2001). Because of this, humanism has diminished in acceptance; on the other hand, the ebb and movement of zeitgeist could cause a requirement for humanism that goes on in the future.

The third force that goes on in the modern psychology sheds light on the position of study the concerns the conscious instead of the unconscious. Cognitive, Humanistic, and positive psychology all pursue to size up contentment and also the positive affect; nevertheless, humanism does lack the scientific credibility because of…