Psychology
In order to develop effective treatment programs for drug addicts, it is essential to maintain a basic knowledge of the physiological basis of their cravings. Given social and political mandates calling for a cessation of drug abuse or at the very least for the implementation of harm reduction, it is just as important to administer to those exposed to addictive substances as it is to develop methods of preventing exposure. In addition, an ability to explain the neuro-scientific effects of drug use allows those that are responsible for prevention to provide potential users with deterrents that are less dogmatic and more circumspect. To these ends, neuroscience has developed a new understanding of the reasons for addiction.
Behavioral neuroscience has taught us that humans, like other animals, crave certain pharmaceutical agents. Studies have enabled scientists to better understand the neuro-chemistry of pleasure and of cravings. A side effect of these studies is that scientists are now armed with many more methods of artificially inducing pleasure and other moods in the human brain.
The agents that have provided the strongest reaction include opiates and amphetamine-like psycho-stimulants. Two of the most emotionally attractive types of drugs have been narcotics such as morphine and heroin, and psycho-stimulants such as cocaine and amphetamines. Studies have shown that animals share the human propensity to self-administer these drugs if this opportunity is available to them. This is because these drugs interact with specific receptors in the brain. These receptors normally help mediate various pleasures and psychic excitement. This In the example of heroin addiction, considered one of the most socially disruptive opiate-derivative addictions, the brain contains mu-opiate receptors. According to Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions by Jaak Panksepp,
These receptors normally control an animal's urges to maintain various brain and bodily balances (i.e., homeostatic balance) via feeding, sexual/social behavior, and so forth. The psychic reflections of doing "the right thing biologically" are feelings of satisfaction and pleasure. Which of the many brain opiate systems actually mediate this subjective feeling is not well understood, but...
Treatments of Bulimia Nervosa THE BEST OPTION Evaluation of Combined Therapy for Bulimia Nervosa Description and Significance Bulimia nervosa, simply bulimia or BN, refers to uncontrolled overeating or binging and then eliminating what has been eaten (SJH, 2012; Grange et al., 2004). Recent reports show alarming increases in the incidence, which now adolescents and pre-adolescents. The latest population statistics say that about 27.3 of the U.S. population is between 12 and 19 years old.
At one point or another in our lives, we are all beginners. We begin college, a first job, a first love affair, and perhaps a first dissertation project. We bring a great deal to these new situations, including our temperament, previous education, and family situations. Yet, as adults, we also learn. In romantic relationships, couples report having to learn how to interact successfully with their partners. College students routinely report
A counselor like any other physician, or medical practitioner must help. That is their first and only objective. The relationship between a counselor and their client must first and foremost be a beneficial and safe one. If at any point either party begins to feel as though the relationship is no longer helpful, or either party feels threatened in any way then the relationship must be terminated. Treatment should never
One of the best things about the WRAP program is the flexibility that it has. Every patient has their own individual needs that need to be met by a recovery program. Most recovery programs are very rigid and to not have much give to them. The WRAP program is just the opposite. It allows each patient to recover at their own rate and using the best resources available to
Treatment vs. Punishment Treatment Concept Juvenile crime is often serious because of the ability to represent a significant proportion in relation to the total criminal activity within the community. The normal assumption indicates that adolescents deserve and require special handling during the formative period. Criminal behavior during this stage of life might not continue into adulthood thus the need for integration of special handling by the relevant justice systems within the case
discipline social psychology. As a part examination, address items: a. Define social psychology. b. Discuss social psychology differs related disciplines (e. Social Psychology Social psychology is a study of individuals' act in a social context. The study is a branch of psychology that study's why and how people feel, think, and do things the way they do given the situations they face (Howard, 2000). In studying social psychology it is possible
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