All four perspectives can be regarded as ways of operationalizing the service value. Social justice is explicitly recognized in both the multiple perspectives approach and in the NASW values. Shared power seems to encompass several values: importance of human relationships, dignity and worth of the client, integrity and competence.
The one perspective that is not as obviously tied to the NASW values is that concerned with evidence-based practice. However, evidence-based practice could be considered an over-arching perspective if the social worker insists that there be empirical evidence, obtained before the intervention or practice occurs, that it will effectively serve the client. That is, it shows promise of meeting the client's needs in a manner that attends to his network of relationships and recognizes his dignity and worth. In this light, it would seem that evidence-based practice is especially relevant to the NASW values of service and competence.
Strengths and Challenges
Major strengths of the multiple perspectives approach are that it:
Anticipates potential blind spots on the part of the social worker
Aligns with the NASW Code of Ethics
Provides a guide for initial assessment
Can offer alternatives when a satisfactory outcome cannot be reached by one strategy or technique
Benefits the social worker as well as the client (most obviously in the shared power perspective)
Some of the major challenges to the approach are:
Keeping all perspectives in constant view. It would be easy to drift into a mode of practice that emphasizes some perspectives and ignores others.
Overcoming any tendency to focus on problems of the client rather than his or her strengths and potential.
Finding empirical evidence relevant to the situation at hand. This...
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