(2003) According to Gray, the current direction of surveillance in society is "toward omnipresence; more spaces are watched in more ways, capturing information about those within." (2003)
IV. BIOMETRICS in SOCIETY BECOMING PERVASIVE
The work of Karsten Weber entitled: "The Next Step: Privacy Invasions by Biometrics and ICT Implants" relates that there are various forms of biometric recognition technology which are based on both physiological and behavioral characteristics which include those as follows: (1) Facial thermogram; (2) Hand geometry; (3) Iris scanning; (4) Retinal scanning; (6) Vein checking; (7) Gait recognition; (8) keystroke analysis; (9) mouse dynamics; (10) signature analysis; and (11) Voice verification. (2006) Weber states that furnishing real life space with "the advantages of ICT" is likely to result in life be "overridden by the disadvantages of infringements into our privacy..." (2006) Weber relates that while biometrics for protection of the elderly individual who is in bad health is greatly positive however, should the biometrics have the capacity to make identification of individuals who approach the carrier, while this would be positive in terms of protection it is when alternatively viewed "a perfect means of supervision." (2006)
V. RESULTS of BIOMETRIC PANOPTICISM
Weber (2006) states that the "utilitarian and communitarian idea that the state must protect and propagate the common good of society is alien to libertarians as well as to liberals." When the individuals in society expect the government to provide for their protection what results is a restriction in the liberties of individuals in that society due to the trappings required in protecting individuals in society. Within the Libertarian framework, as well as to an extent in the framework of the liberal philosophy "only persons are right-holders; for them groups or society are metaphysical conceptions and cannot be rights-holders." (Weber, 2006) From this view, "...a mandatory use of ICT implants or biometrics to support...
The truth of the matter is the biometric templates for identity enrolment that are stored on a server are not in the real since images rather they are mathematical representations of the data points that the biometric algorithm is able to extract from the scanned fingerprint, finger vein, palm vein or iris. The identifying template is a binary file that has a series of zeros and ones. The algorithm then
It also helps to reduce the threat of identity theft as this is frequently initiated through the hacking of such highly vulnerable wireless communication devices. According to ThirdFactor, the same BioLock technology is currently being adapted to meet the needs of the Microsoft Windows and Mac OS packages on the market's near horizon. This suggests that the pacesetting consumer brands in the technology, software, cell phone and computing industries
Biometric Safeguards and Risks Biometric Safeguarding Itakura and Tsujii are proposing to allow an external organization, such as PKI, to issue biological certification as a way to ensure the validity of biological information. (Itkura, 2005) It would consist of three cryptographic keys; a public key and two secret keys. The public key would be defined as the representative template for personal biological information registration. The algorithm selects the representative template to be
Biometric Controls Biometric Cost Analysis There are some questions that will help determine the cost benefit analysis of a new biometric system (Cooper). The level of security, the level of reliability, need of backup, the acceptable time for enrollment, level of privacy, and storage needed are things that need to be determined first. Will the system be attended or not? Does the system need to be resistant to spoofing? Will the system
This was done by creating an artificial fingerprint from the little traces that are left on the biometric scanners. This entailed the process of obtaining the relevant biometric data. The second approach involved employment of a technique that is commonly referred to as deploying a replay attack. In this approach is equivalent to the man-in-the-middle attack that is common in various communication data breaches. The process involves the tapping
However, a very determined criminal, as mentioned above, might go as far as cutting off fingers in order to circumvent this problem. Nonetheless, fingerprinting appears to make car theft somewhat more challenging than the ordinary immobilizing device. Main Conclusions Because of its groundbreaking technology and the fact that it makes car theft more difficult than ordinary immobilizing devices, biometric fingerprinting devices for immobilizing and car door locking holds particular advantages over
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