¶ … political, social, cultural, and economic differences between the North and the South on the eve of the Civil War. How did these differences grow from 1800-1860?
Of course, the event that led to the actual first battles of the Civil War was the firing on Fort Sumter, South Carolina, by Confederate troops on April 13, 1861. However, many other actions and events led up to the eventual outbreak of Civil War. The North and the South were different, and not simply because the Southern landowners also owned slaves. The North was an industrial society, based on "growth and prosperity" (Norton 196). The South, on the other hand, was less industrialized and more agrarian in nature. "Southern wealth came from export crops, its population thus remained almost wholly rural rather than both rural and urban" (Norton). Thus, there were extremely different cultural and social values between the North and the South. After Eli Whitney's cotton gin took hold in 1793, the South became a major center for cotton growing and export, and slaves went hand in hand with the labor-intensive crop.
In the North, there was more population, which gave them a distinct advantage when it came to war. The North had more opportunities for society and an important role when war came, as the South could not move men and materials nearly as effectively as the North.
These social and cultural differences did not grow smaller as the 1800's progressed. In fact, they grew more pronounced. The North continued on its industrialized way, drawing more people to the cities, where they could enjoy the arts, education, and a better lifestyle than in the small rural towns. The South continued on its agrarian way, with plantations and plantation owners growing larger and more prosperous, and more people enslaved as a result. Of course, slavery was a key issue in the disagreement between…
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