Verified Document

Plato And Hobbes On Justice Term Paper

Thrasymachus sustains that obedience to rulers is just (Republic, 399b7) and this comes in no contradiction with what Hobbes sustains. In a contractual society, laws must be obeyed, but this is simply the result of the renunciation of one's freedoms in return of security. However, what Hobbes always argues for in his writings is that individuals pursue their self-interest because this is their nature. Laws are restrictions in the path of pursuing one's interest. Thrasymachus makes it clear in his argumentation that he is in favour of everyone supporting their own interest and that this is the position he defends. This is one of the most obvious similarities with Hobbes. He described justice as seeking another's interest, and injustice as involving seeking one's own interest.

Hobbes supports that the ideal state of the human being is the state of nature, from which people moved to the commonwealth presented in the Leviathan. This state of nature is ideal because people are free and not constrained by any law. There is no such thing as justice or injustice in the state of nature. As individuals become part of the contractual society, they are forced to obey the laws imposed and agreed to and so they renounce their ideal freedom. With the notions of just and unjust imposed by the social contract, the individual is no longer free to pursue his own interest unless facing the consequences imposed by law. As Thrasymachus argues in his speech, those that are free and pursue their own interest are considered to be unjust.

Hobbes argues in the Leviathan that justice appears only at the creation of the commonwealth and he connects the appearance of justice with the "third law of nature," which is presented in the beginning of Chapter 15 of the Leviathan. According to...

Breaking covenants represents being unjust. Outside of a covenant, in the state of nature, individuals are free to pursue their own goal, without being obliged to respecting any law. Therefore, justice appears only when an individual agrees to be part of a contractual society.
Arguing that individuals are only free in the state of nature, where they are not forced to obey any laws, Hobbes supports the ideas presented by Thrasymachus that the idea of justice limits the liberties of individuals. However, there are some differences between Hobbes' theory of justice and what Thrasymachus understands by justice. As Thrasymachus argues, justice is made in the benefit of the ruling group. Every society has a ruling group which has the power to dictate what justice is. While Hobbes perceives justice as the third natural law according to which people are obliged to respect covenants, Thrasymachus perceives justice as being only in the advantage of the ruling class, of the stronger.

Despite the obvious similarities between the theories of the two, Hobbes does not entirely follow Thrasymachus' argumentation when claiming that only the stronger have the advantage of justice. To Hobbes, justice means respecting a covenant and respecting the agreement one has when in a contractual society, while for Thrasymachus justice is solely the advantage of the stronger.

Bibliography

Harlap, Shmuel, "Thrasymachus's justice," in Political Theory, Vol. 7, No. 3, August 1979, pp. 347-370;

Hobbes, Thomas, Leviathan, edited by Edwin Curley, Hackett Publishing Company;

Plato, the Republic, edited by G.R.F. Ferrari and translated by Tom Griffith, Cambridge University Press.

Sources used in this document:
Bibliography

Harlap, Shmuel, "Thrasymachus's justice," in Political Theory, Vol. 7, No. 3, August 1979, pp. 347-370;

Hobbes, Thomas, Leviathan, edited by Edwin Curley, Hackett Publishing Company;

Plato, the Republic, edited by G.R.F. Ferrari and translated by Tom Griffith, Cambridge University Press.
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Hobbes and the Intercession of
Words: 3820 Length: 12 Document Type: Essay

The second part of this book introduces the more central aspect of his argument's epistemological motive, with the prescription for proper leadership extending from a view that is ethically, intellectually and socially instructed. We can easily detect here the strands of ideology which would be invested into Hobbes view many centuries hence. This is to say that at the crux of his argument, Plato writes that "until philosophers are kings,

Plato and Hobbes Present Very
Words: 723 Length: 2 Document Type: Essay

Philosopher-kings strive to lead individuals out of the cave, and to perceive 'the real,' the pure and ideal world of the forms rather than the shadows of ideals. This idealistic concept is one reason why Plato is so determined that every human being assume his ideal place in the social order, whether working at a trade, fighting, or engaging in philosophy. While Plato's version of a social contract between the

Human Nature a Comparison of Hobbes' and
Words: 3703 Length: 12 Document Type: Essay

Human Nature A Comparison of Hobbes' and Plato's Philosophical Views Trying to understand how a philosopher arrives at the reasoned opinions they put on paper is essential to also understanding what they wrote. The how is often a matter of the people they have borrowed from, but that can be an unreliable method of determining the origins of their philosophy also. Two in particular are difficult to judge using the influences they

Greek Philosophers Plato and Aristotle Explored the
Words: 1854 Length: 5 Document Type: Essay

Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle explored the concept of political philosophy (Trajkovic). In the process of exploring such concept, both came to the agreement that the best form of government was that which every man can act best and live happily. In considering how such a government might be organized Plato and Aristotle discussed the concept the rule of law. The rule of law is the principle that no

Views and Conceptions of Aristotle Hobbes Machiavelli and Bellah
Words: 2146 Length: 6 Document Type: Essay

Aristotle, Hobbes, Machiavelli and Bellah What are the different conceptions of knowledge that inform Hobbes's and Aristotle's respective accounts of politics? Be specific about questions of individualism, virtue, and justice. In Bellah's terms, what kind of politics would they support? How are they related to Bellah's views on the relationship between social science and social life? Aristotle stated repeatedly that the needs of the state and society overrode individual pleasures, desires and

Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbes Influenced
Words: 1373 Length: 5 Document Type: Term Paper

Furthermore, that the intent of all princes should be to use all means necessary to maintain their powerbase. The works of Thomas Hobbes were revolutionary during his time period. He used his understanding of human nature and extrapolated the need for absolutism within government. The Leviathan was revolutionary in that it expounded Hobbesian concept of a material universe. His essential premise is that everything in the universe consists only of

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now