Pigmentation
The problems relating to skin pigment are associated with symptoms of the skin appearing faded or deeper than the usual or often spotted and blemished. (Skin pigmentation disorders) The unusual skin development and unusual pigmentation of the skin is seen to present at the time of birth or develop at the later stages. (Benign Skin Growths and Pigmentation Disorders) The skin pigmentation disorders seem to arise over a large number of races and conditions. (Nacinamide Helps to Lighten Skin) Some problems like albinism are considered exceptional phenomenon about a single case arises in every 17000 people. Other cases like age spots are very common. (Skin pigmentation disorders) Irrespective of the fact that it is quite harmless in its effects in most of the cases, however, the growth and pigmentation disorders warrant thorough watching for any other variations that may mark a development of cancerous skin cells. There are several types of skin developments and pigmentation disorders that necessitate clinical care by the doctors or the healthcare professionals. The presence of the pigment known as melanin determines the skin color. The melanin is formulated with the specialized cells in the skin. The skin color of a person is determined by the amount and type of melanin determines. The Melanin presents color to the skin, hair and iris of the eyes. (Benign Skin Growths and Pigmentation Disorders)
The pigment in the skin that safeguards it from the sunlight is referred to as melanin. This causes the black people looking younger than the white skinned people. The melanin pigment in the skin safeguards the skin from sunlight and lingers the aging process. The skin of black people some times appears to be irregularly pigmented. This appears as dark patches on the skin. Inflammations also results in irregular pigmentation. (African or Black Skin - Irregular Pigmentation) There are two types of the pigment melanin: eumelanin granules, that appears to be round and smooth and generates black and brown colored skin pigmentation, and the other one is phaeomelanin granules, those are considered more asymmetrical in shape and size. These are more apparent in case of the lighter skins more particularly in combination of red hair and freckles. Such type of melanin is considered to exist in combination and occur in varying proportions. (The World of Skin Care)
The melanocytes, those found in the basal layer of the epidermis are regarded as the most significant of these cells. This produces a special pigment known as the melanin that assists in determining the hair and skin pigmentation. The pigment is created with small structures known as melanosomes, those are consolidated as particles and are delivered in small packages to each basal cell by slender fibers known as dendrites. Each melanocyte is seen to have generated about 36 keratinocytes with melanin granules. Such small groups of pigments settle over the nucleus of the cells in the outer skin and safeguard it from the injurious effects of the sun rays. (The World of Skin Care) The type of race and magnitude of exposure to sunlight determines the level of melanin. The exposure to sun rays enhances the production of melanin that safeguards the skin against injurious ultraviolet rays. Additionally, the melanin production is also influenced by hormonal variations. (Benign Skin Growths and Pigmentation Disorders)
The role of cutaneous melanin pigment in camouflage, mimicry, social communication and protection against harmful effects of solar radiation is considered very crucial. The melanogenesis appears to be under complicated regulations by the multiple factors with their interactions through pathways activated by receptor dependent and -- independent mechanisms in hormonal, auto-, para-, or intracrine styles. With the multidirectional nature and heterogeneous character of the melanogenesis modifying agents, the regulatory factors are not organized into simple linear sequences and rather they interphase in a multidimensional network with extensive functional intersections arranged in both series and parallel. The MC1 receptor with its ligands melanocortins and ACTH is considered as the most significant controller of melanogenesis, contrary to the negative regulators agouti protein that stands out, in determining intensity of melanogenesis and also determining the form of synthesized melanin. In the perspective of skin as a stress organ, the melanogenic activity appears to serve as an exclusive molecular sensor and transducer of harmful signals and as a controller of local homeostasis. Adhering to such multiple roles, the melanogenesis is regulated by a highly structured system being active ever since the early embryogenesis and is capable of superselective functional control that may come down to the level of cells represented...
Vitiligo is a skin condition characterized by loss of pigmentation in blotches. The cause of vitiligo is the death of melanocytes, the cells that are responsible for producing melanin. According to the National Institutes of Health and the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS, 2014), the cause of vitiligo remains unknown. There is some speculation that vitiligo is an autoimmune system disorder, but the condition may
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