Verified Document

Philosophy: Knowledge Is Virtue Socrates Is Widely Term Paper

Philosophy: Knowledge Is Virtue Socrates is widely acknowledged as the world's first philosopher, since he was the first to direct the attention of men from merely focusing on the study of nature to the study of human nature. Indeed, Socrates was the pioneer in moral philosophy for though the Sophists spoke of justice, law and temperance, they were still unable to define such values (The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Heartlight Web site).

It was Socrates' search for understanding and defining human nature and the morals guiding it that led him to the dictum that "knowledge is virtue," for Socrates believed that it was the lack of knowledge that led to confusion about what is good. It is apparent that Socrates arrived at this conclusion from his own relentless search for the truth, to which he seems to have devoted his life. It is said that Socrates, in order to obtain the truth, discarded all sophistry and pretences and even spent time among the workplaces of artisans and merchants in an attempt to get people to think about universal principals through a process of question and answer. Thus, it is obvious that it was all his empirical observations, which led him to conclude that it was only a man's knowledge of 'true good' that could lead him to be virtuous (The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Heartlight Web site).

Indeed, both Socrates' understanding of human nature and methods of study are prominently in evidence in Plato's Meno, where Socrates and Meno discuss the definition of virtue and the ways by which virtue can be taught or acquired. Though Socrates himself had probably already reached the conclusion that "knowledge is virtue," he adopts his usual method of investigative study comprised of the dialectical process of the development of thought through contradiction, to get Meno to arrive at the same conclusion (University of West Indies Web site).

Socrates sets...

Thus, he begins by cleverly getting Meno to air his views on "What is virtue" (71b). When Meno describes various virtues and says "...there are virtues numberless, and no lack of definitions for them; for virtue is relative to the actions and ages of each of us in all that we do" (71e-72a), Socrates points out the flaw in his definition by drawing various analogies such as a swarm of bees and the nature of health and strength in man and woman alike, and asking Meno as to how one can be distinguished from the other, leading to answering the basic question of "what is the nature of the bee" (72b-73d).
In other words, through question and answer and deeper analysis and enquiry, Socrates leads Meno to the realization that a definition cannot consist merely of descriptions of end actions but necessarily must contain a common underlying cause or characteristic.

Once Meno himself reaches the conclusion that far greater enquiry is needed to arrive at a definition of virtue, he alongwith Socrates embark on a search…

Sources used in this document:
Bibliography

Brandon, Ed. "Plato: Epistemology." Department of Philosophy. University of West Indies Web site. URL:

http://www.uwichill.edu.bb/bnccde/PH19C/ph19cplatoepist.html

Historical Sketch of Ethics." Ethics II. The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Search God's Word. Heartlight Network Web site. URL:

http://www.searchgodsword.org/enc/isb/view.cgi?number=T3231
http://www.ilt.columbia.edu/publications/Projects/digitexts/plato/meno/meno.html
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Knowledge and Assumptions in Plato's
Words: 755 Length: 2 Document Type: Research Paper

Seeking to strip his conception of knowledge to the bare minimum by removing all notions which can subject to reasonable doubt, Descartes differentiates between assumptions and true knowledge because, in his estimation, any perception based solely on sensory input is inevitably flawed, as the human sensory system is known to be fallible (Collingwood). By rejecting the role of assumptions in forming knowledge, Descartes devises perhaps the most well recognized

Socrates Plato and Aristotle
Words: 1204 Length: 4 Document Type: Essay

Socrates is one of the most renowned philosophers of all times. His dialectic method is used in a number of ways and has vital importance in literature and deliberation. In the contemporary era, Socratic or Dialectic Method is the term that is used to point out a conversation between two or more people who might have opposing views about an issue but they come to a conclusion after trying to

Socrates and Plato Greek Philosophy Held a
Words: 1909 Length: 6 Document Type: Essay

Socrates and Plato Greek philosophy held a preeminent place in the middle ages among scholastics like Thomas Aquinas, whose Summa Theologica was an attempt to reconcile faith and reason. The faith aspect was supplied by the Church, but the reason came from classical (pagan) ecclesiology -- notably from Greek philosophers like Plato and Aristotle. The latter was the pupil of the former, and the former was the pupil of the first

Plato and the Apology Philosophy
Words: 1790 Length: 6 Document Type: Essay

A philosopher makes "logoi," discusses, and cross examines about virtue, is short of wisdom, and is aware of it. However, in as much as one is a philosopher, one desires wisdom and searches for it. In historical Greek, this notion is virtually a tautology, prompting Socrates to hold that the wise no longer philosophize. Socrates believes that philosophy is gathering knowledge; however, going by valid evidence, philosophy is the

Aristotle's Rhetorical Theory When Socrates'
Words: 4276 Length: 10 Document Type: Term Paper

Certainly, rhetoric lends itself to the discovery of truth, as truth (Aristotle suggests) always makes more intuitive and intellectual sense compared to falsehood, and so equally talented rhetoricians will be more convincing sharing the truth than sharing falsehood. However, critics have pointed out that there is so "tension between Aristotle's epistemological optimism and his attempt to come to terms with rhetoric as a culturally and contextually specific social institution....

Analects of Confucius Philosophy
Words: 1569 Length: 6 Document Type: Essay

Confucius was a Chinese philosopher and his thought is referred as Analects of Confucius composing of his ideas and sayings. For over thousand years after his death, his thought was still relevant in the Chinese thought. Confucius was born in 551 a couple of centuries before Socrates taught ethics and logic. Confucius was being identified as the Chinese first teacher whose his ideas had been implemented in several countries in

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now