If a user does not regard these duties with the appropriate seriousness, the consequences could be dire indeed. Another very threatening form of computer crime is the phishing scam.
Phishing
Phishing involves email from an apparently legitimate source such as a bank or other place of business that requires the user to respond with personal information. Most commonly, banks are used as a front for these scams. The most common messages of this type is that a user's account has been disabled and will only be reinstated once the apparent company has received the specific requested data. When a user sends this data, the criminal can then use it for his or her own purposes, such as identity theft or credit card fraud.
According to WiredSafety.org (2011), phishing criminals target a very large amount of users with these types of e-mail, including a link to visit where the user must enter his or her personal data. Often, this will include a password. The Web site the user is required to visit is then also often created to appear legitimate, complete with company or bank logos. The information required then often includes credit card numbers, social security numbers, and bank account numbers. Obtaining this information then makes it extremely easy for the "phisher" to enter the victims personal finances to steal whatever he or she wishes.
Another phishing strategy is to use pop-ups that encourage users to enter sensitive information. The greatest threat associated with Phishing is the fact that these types of scams are extremely sophisticated. Users are therefore easily tricked into indeed "updating" their information as required. One very good way to combat this type of theft is an awareness of legitimate policies regarding users' personal and secure information. No legitimate bank or other company would ever ask for sensitive information by e-mail. Many of these institutions also combat spam by warning their clients regularly not to trust any requests for such information.
The WiredSafety.org (2011) site suggests several ways that users can use to identify phishing attempts from legitimate e-mail. Phishing e-mails can be identified by the type of information they request, as well as the message in the subject line. Typically, these e-mails claim that the user's account has come under review or is in danger of being cancelled or suspended. To prevent this, the user is encouraged to update his or her personal and account information. Phishing e-mails could contain spelling typos or oddly placed characters between words. These types of subject lines should be an immediate alarm that phishing is at issue.
The WiredSafety authors suggest that there are several ways to protect one's online data and to combat phishing. The first and most obvious step is not to reply to any e-mail asking for personal data. If there is any uncertainty regarding these types of e-mails, the user should contact the merchant in question to verify that the message is legitimate. This type of verification process is important from the merchant's point-of-view, who will become more aware of these phishing attempts on their customers.
The user should always take responsibility for his or her own safety by installing anti-virus software and firewalls, which also good tools to combat phishing. Other ways of taking such responsibility include staying up-to-date with the latest phishing scams and to always report suspicious e-mails or other phishing attempts.
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