Covid-19 Pandemic

Table of Contents

Covid-19 pandemic 2

Definition of Covid-19 Pandemic 3

Causes and transmission of covid-19 3

Patients Conditions with a high risk of severe Covid-19 Illness. 4

Signs and symptoms of Covid-19 5

Diagnosis of Covid-19. 7

Management of Covid-19 8

Conclusion 10

References 11

Covid-19 Pandemic

Covid-19 is one of the ravaging pandemics that has come during our time. In most cases, I have been told and read a history of various pandemics across the world and how they affected livelihoods; otherwise, I have never got real experience as in the case with covid-19. (Cennimo et al. 2020) Therefore, it would be satisfying to talk about covid-19 even though it has caused many wounds to other close family members and me. (Muniyappa & Gubbi, 2020) When the pandemic struck, I did not expect it to change much in our lifestyles; however, after a few months, I was amazed at the level of deaths experienced in countries like China. (Watkins, 2020) Later on, the disease was confirmed with us, but so many people cast spatial doubts on the disease as non-lethal. (Omer et al. 2020) Otherwise, the whole country went into a panic with many deaths witnessed without taking too long, prompting closer of various institutions, restricting movements, including international travels, among other measures. Unfortunately, even with such stiff measures that completely changed our lifestyle, the pandemic continued to show ravaging effects. (Cennimo et al. 2020)

Consequently, the worst moments for my family and me struck, and we lost two family members to the disease. The most painful element is that we could not provide assistance or consolation to our loved ones while still battling the disease. Covid-19 changed the way of life. Subsequently, with the pandemic's continued ravaging attack, some of my close friends as well lost their loved ones to the pandemic. The entire country has been mourning. (Watkins, 2020)

Moreover, life has changed, industries affected, so many people have lost their source of livelihoods, and so many lives lost. Surprisingly, the disease seems not to be going away any sooner as it continues striking back in different phases, thus, formalizing the wearing of masks to every citizen. Finally, it is also worth noting that those aged or have compromised immune systems are more vulnerable to the disease. (Cennimo et al. 2020)

Definition of Covid-19 Pandemic

The coronavirus disease of 2019 (covid-19) refers to an illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; initially known as 2019-nCoV). The disease was initially diagnosed amid an outbreak of respiratory challenges in Wuhan city, Hubei province in China. (Omer et al. 2020) Subsequently, on the 31st of December 2019, the disease was reported to the world health organization and declared a global health emergency on the 11th of March 2020. The declaration of the novel coronavirus, a global pandemic by the world health organization, was the first of its kind since 2009 when H1N1 influenza was announced as a pandemic. (Watkins, 2020)

Causes and transmission of covid-19

The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 was referred to as COVID-19 by the World Health Organization with the acronym depicted from coronavirus 2019. World health organizations chose not to associate the virus name with any population, animal, or geographical location to avoid stigmatization. (Cennimo et al. 2020)

Consequently, the international committee on viruses taxonomy on coronavirus study stated the novel corona virus's official designation as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). According to the center for disease control and prevention, coronavirus got to the United States between January and February 2020, establishing low-level transmission in the community before being identified. As a result, there have been widespread cases reported amounting to over 30.2 million...

…2020) Some clinical trials have also indicated that neutralizing mAbs against other pro-inflammatory cytokines can also be a remedy targeting IL-17 and IL-1 and their respective receptors. Besides, covid-19 patients with severe symptoms can be treated through cytokine-based pathology and complement activation when induced during the early stages of infection. They help in attenuating inflammatory damages; however, some of these approaches have not been clinically approved. (Cennimo et al. 2020)

To remove covid-19 linked immunopathology, another approach that includes mesenchymal stem cells to exert anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory impacts repairs the damage of pulmonary epithelial cell and heightens the clearance of alveolar fluid. (Omer et al. 2020)Furthermore, Prior clinical and preclinical had confirmed their safety and efficiency in non-covid-19 linked pathologies, thus, prompting the ongoing clinical trials of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy in patients suffering from severe covid-19 related complications. (Watkins, 2020)

Conclusion

To fight against covid-19, identifying predictive biomarkers is essential for the patients who are more likely to develop multiple organ failure or the ARDS. Particularly, those above 50 years of age have demonstrated high-risk individuals for severe symptoms, raising the need for the efficiency to produce a potent vaccine that would introduce proper humoral and cellular responses within this population. (Omer et al. 2020) Besides, Covid-19 patients with diabetes and hypertension are likely susceptible to severe disease, hence understanding why prompting worsening disease results for the patients with such chronic diseases would help evaluate SARS-COV-2 immune-escape mechanisms avail clues for the management of severe cases clinically. (Cennimo et al. 2020)

Consequently, to globally fight the covid-19 pandemic, standard treatment procedures are essential for severe cases. The use of antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs altogether can be more effective than using either of them singularly. Some Chinese traditional medicine has also indicated clinical efficacy following vitro evidence for blockage of SARS-CoV-2 multiplication and inhibiting SARS-CoV-2…