Cultural Differences in the Perception of Intelligence
Sociology
For the purposes of this assignment, two cultures will be compared with respect to how they perceive intelligence. Culture is relative, as is perception, as will be demonstrated in this paper with specific regard to intelligence. The two cultures that will be compared are American culture and Japanese culture. These two cultures have an intense past and interconnected present; they are very different with respect to social context, perspective, and perception. The paper will consider how these cultures interpret and perceive intelligence differently. The paper will reflect upon how intelligence, among other characteristics and elements, is measured differently because of variations in culture. The paper will further consider how, within varying social contexts and cultures, one might test for a spectrum of cognitive abilities, with respect to the two cultures of focus, Japanese and American.
American culture is very self-centered relative to Japanese culture; meaning, there is greater concern and focus upon the self, the individual, as opposed to the community, collective, or group, as is the focus of Japanese culture. American culture places more value on the person and the person's ability to extol his/her virtues loudly and proudly, while Japanese culture places a great deal of value upon humility.
…the Japanese tend to show humility in their self-estimations of overall "g" and seven Gardner intelligences. Humility should not be seen as a negative factor. However, the Japanese believe that effort and endurance are the roads to success, and also believe that humility is related to effort and perseverance. Optimistic ideas do not create endurance and hard effort, but by understanding themselves they would assume that they need to work harder. Shimizu (2001) revealed that the Japanese, along with the other East Asian countries, have culturally distinct "cultural concepts" that guide Japanese social behaviors. (Furnham...
Perceptions of Intelligence Intelligence is a concept that has numerous meanings across time, geography and culture. Typically, most of the definitions connect some sort of skill, plan or understanding of concepts, new things, etc. -- and the way that knowledge is combined with other ideas to form something new or adaptive. Numerous psychologists and neurologists continue to debate the differing types of intelligence and the ways individuals combine them to form
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