Infectious Conditions in a Pediatric Patient
What will be your differential diagnoses for this patient?
Chickenpox
Measles
Rubella
Scarlet fever
Erythema infectiosum (5th disease) -- human parvovirus
Exanthema subitum or Roseola infantum
Non-polio entero-viruses (e.g., echovirus, coxsackievirus) (Long, 2016; de Graaf et al., 2016; Long, Pickering & Prober, 2012)
What specific physical exam findings support these differential diagnoses?
Chickenpox:
• Palmar redness
• Excoriating diaper-area rashes
Measles:
• Injected conjunctiva
• Excoriating diaper-area rashes
Rubella:
• Excoriating diaper-area rashes
Scarlet fever:
• Magenta-colored lips
• Palmar redness
• Excoriating diaper-area rashes
Erythema infectiosum (5th disease) -- human parvovirus
• Excoriating diaper-area rashes
Exanthema subitum or Roseola infantum
• Excoriating diaper-area rashes
Non-polio entero-viruses (e.g., echovirus, coxsackievirus):
• Excoriating diaper-area rashes
• Red macula
• Magenta-colored lips
• Palmar redness
Of the differential diagnoses you listed, which would be the most concerning?
Non-polio enteroviruses
What additional diagnostic tests will you recommend? Why?
PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) testing, cell cultures obtained from the patient's cerebrospinal fluid, stool, or blood, and additional immunologic examinations (de Graaf et al., 2016; Thong et al., 2017).
PCR -- This is the most dependable enterovirus diagnosis test which recognizes the virus's genetic matter...
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