Verified Document

The Pathophysiology Of CVI And DVT Term Paper

Disorders of the Veins and Arteries Pathophysiology of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Deep Venous Thrombosis

The pathophysiology of Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is either obstruction or reflux of venous blood flow. It can develop from the protracted valvular incompetence of the superficial veins, deep veins or the perforating veins that connect them. In all these cases the result is venous hypertension of the lower extremities. The bicuspid valve which is located in the superficial and deep veins assists in ensuring that blood is pumped towards the heart and it prevents blood from refluxing towards the feet when the patient is standing in an upright position (Eberhardt & Raffetto, 2014). Perforating veins valve function by preventing the reflux of blood from the deep veins into the superficial veins. In normal conditions, when a patient is standing erect, venous return is pulsatile and the valves will open and close about 20 times per minute. Superficial vein valve failure occurs after the primary points of high leakage develop between the superficial systems and the deep system. This high pressure results in secondary valve failure when the normal superficial veins become widely dilated that the thin flaps of the venous valves will no longer make contact in the lumen of the vessel. With time these incompetent superficial veins will become visibly dilated and tortuous, and at this point, they are recognized as varicose veins.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) mainly develops in the calf veins and it grows...

The venous valves are avascular and in conjunction with the reduced flow of oxygenated blood in the veins will predispose the endothelium to be hypoxemic. The endothelium around the valves will then respond by expressing adhesion molecules that will attract leukocytes (Line, 2001). The cells will transfer tissue factor to the endothelium, which will complex with activated factor VII in order to begin the coagulation cascade through the extrinsic pathway. In normal circumstances, there is a physiologic balance between the factors that promote and retard coagulation. However, any disturbance in this equilibrium will result in the coagulation process occurring at an expected time or in excess. In case there is a failure of the normal coagulation mechanism it might result in hemorrhage.
Venous thrombosis is a condition that occurs when there is development of a blood clot in the vein. However, when a clot forms in an artery it is referred to as arterial thrombosis. This is a dangerous condition because it can stop blood flow to the major organs like the brain or the heart.

Impact of Obesity on The Pathophysiology of CVI and DVT

Having excess weigh will add additional pounds of pressure on the body, which can cause serious exertion on the veins and their valves. If there is too much weight pushing down on the lower half of the body, there will be high pressure in the superficial veins and this will lead to them dilating and increasing in diameter.…

Sources used in this document:

References

Eberhardt, R. T., & Raffetto, J. D. (2014). Chronic venous insufficiency. Circulation, 130(4), 333-346.

Line, B. R. (2001). Pathophysiology and diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis. Paper presented at the Seminars in nuclear medicine.

SPIRIDON, M., & CORDUNEANU, D. (2017). Chronic Venous Insufficiency: a Frequently Underdiagnosed and Undertreated Pathology. Mædica, 12(1), 59.


Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Conditions
Words: 725 Length: 2 Document Type: Essay

Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Deep Vein Thrombosis There are a number of conditions that affect the circulatory system in different ways. Not all circulatory issues are connected with blood clotting or high cholesterol. In fact, chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is more associated with some form of trauma that damages the tissues of veins and reduces their ability to circulate blood effectively. This is much different to Deep Vein Thrombosis, which is

Advanced Nursing Practice and Treatment of Vein Artery Disorders
Words: 818 Length: 2 Document Type: Essay

Comparison of pathophysiology of CVI and DVT The pathogenesis of CVI is not completely understood; however, it's based on both venous reflux and obstruction; or an amalgamation of the two. Though venous reflux is actually based on a number of mechanisms, the key elements are venous valve ineffectiveness, vessel wall swelling, hemodynamic elements and additionally venous hypertension. These systems could be further exasperated by dysfunctional pumping devices (vascular and/or muscle pump),

Educational Brochure or Handout on Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Words: 618 Length: 2 Document Type: Term Paper

Pathophysiology What's Gone Wrong? CVI is generally an indication of blood stasis or venous reflux, most commonly valvular incompetence in the low-pressure superficial venous system. The inability of blood to return to the heart from the legs causes it to pool and clot. CVI generally occurs within the deep veins (Deep Vein Thrombosis), may also be related to varicose twisting, valve malformations or pelvic tumors. Risk Factors Obesity, inactivity, pregnancy, smoking and extended periods

Disorders of the Veins and
Words: 794 Length: 2 Document Type: Research Paper

Mostly proteins and platelets combine to form blood clotting in order to heal wounds inside the arteries. However, the accumulation of fatty protein and platelet deposits on the artery walls can sometimes cause the arteries to become narrow and hardened. This makes the artery more prone to damage and if it ruptures, the blood clotting occurs and thus, the artery becomes infected by arterial thrombosis. Impact of patient age on

Comparing Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Deep Venous Thrombosis
Words: 823 Length: 2 Document Type: Essay

Disorders of the Veins and Arteries Pathophysiology of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Deep Venous Thrombosis Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) pathophysiology is either the obstruction or reflux of venous blood flow (Gujja, Wiley, & Krishnan, 2014). The perforating veins valve normally functions by preventing the reflux of blood from the deep veins into the superficial veins. CVI occurs when there is venous hypertension that is caused by incompetent valves. Venous blood will escape

Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Deep Venous Thrombosis
Words: 871 Length: 3 Document Type: Essay

Disorders of the Veins and Arteries Vein and artery disorders such as chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and frequently encountered by advanced practice nurses, making the need to understand the. epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation of these conditions important. To this end, this paper reviews the relevant literature to provide a comparison of the pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis and a description concerning

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now