Pasteur believed that germs, just as those that caused fermentation, could also be causing disease. With the support of other scientists and collaborators, he was able to isolate several disease causing bacteria, cholera (with Robert Koch) and small pox (work originally done by Edward Jenner), among several others. While working with cholera in chicken, Pasteur helped set the foundation for the idea of vaccinations; this had been proposed by others earlier. That a mild form of the virus or bacteria induces the creation of antibodies in the host. When infected by a virulent form of the virus or bacteria, the antibodies created in the system can destroy the infecting agents thereby protecting the host. Pasteur's work influenced the creation of vaccinations.
After successfully using it in the cure of cholera, small pox and several other diseases, Pasteur used this idea in identifying a cure for rabies. After several attempts at isolating the rabies virus, Pasteur discovered (from how the disease manifested) that the virus targeted the neurological system including the spinal chord. He injected hosts with the crushed spinal matter of rabbits which he used to incubate the virus extracted from the neural systems of dogs. Pasteur was also known for taking risks. He injected a little boy who had suffered a dog bite and was showing the early signs of the fatal disease. The boy survived. Since Pasteur had no medical license to practice, he almost set himself up for jail time.
Though there is some controversy as to the exact contribution of Louis Pasteur in the isolation of the anthrax virus and the development of a vaccine that salvaged the sheep industry, there is no doubt that he was a major player in this.
Louis Pasteur, pursing the idea the causative agents of disease came from without and not within realized that medical practitioners might be carriers and spreaders of germs. He became a strong advocate...
Social Constructionism and Historiography of Science In the historiography of science, the debate between intenalists and externalists has been one of the major fault lines over the past century. While many historians are not specialists in physics, chemistry and biology, by training and experience they also consider the political, economic and cultural influences on any institution and organization in a given period, and science his not been exempt from historicism. Internlaists
Many different herbs and spices were used to flavor beers in these unique mixtures. Historian Tesoro says, "Among other things, juniper berries, sweet gale, blackthorn, oak bark, wormwood, caraway seed, aniseed, bay leaves, yarrow, thorn apple, gentian, rosemary, tansy, Saint-John's-wort, spruce chips, pine roots - and above all henbane found their way into these Grut mixtures" (Tesoro). Many of these herbs could be dangerous in even small amounts, and
Scientific Method When Pasteur said, "Chance favors the prepared mind," he was pointing out that the discovery he made would never have been possible had he not already been prepared to identify and understand what was happening when he saw it. This shows that by teaching ourselves the basic principles of natural science, of cause and effect, of the relationship between factors and variables, we will be better prepared to see
It is of extreme importance in medicine to know accurately the anatomical changes that take place in a certain disease for diagnosis and treatment. The man who created this science was Morgagni who taught us to think anatomically in our approach of a disease. Morgagni studied at Bologna under Valsalva and Albertini, who are notable persons themselves in the history of medicine. Morgagni did this in the form of letters
In 1858, Louis Pasteur identified germs, proving that diseases did not 'spontaneously' arise as nightingale thought (Atwell, 1998). However, it was Nightingale that began work as to the conditions that promoted the growth of germs, but she would not know this for many years. The Crimean War: Putting Theory Into Practice When the Crimean War broke out, she began work at once in a British hospital. Her emphasis was placed on
In 1959, Mutara III died and was succeeded by Kigeri V. The Hutus contended that the new mwami had not been properly chosen, and fighting broke out between the Hutus and the Tutsis (who were aided by the Twa). The Hutus emerged victorious, and some 100,000 Tutsis, including Kigeri V, fled to neighboring countries. Hutu political parties won the election of 1960; Gregoire Kayibanda became interim prime minister. In
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