¶ … Orlando's Nursing Process Theory
The Grand Theory chosen for this assignment is the Orlando's Nursing Process Theory. This theory was formulated by Ida Jean Orlando. The theory was based on inductive reasoning and is still considered one of the most followed nursing practice theories. The theory is based on the most basic principles of interaction between the patient and the nurse practitioner. This theory highlights how a patient makes a conversation about his needs and how a nurse provides care to him.
Background of the Theorist-Ida Jean Orlando
The grand theorist was born in the year 1926 and got her Nursing diploma from the New York Medical College. She did her Bachelor's degree in public health from St. John's University, New York. She did not stop here and got her Master's degree in Mental Nursing from Columbia University, New York. About her work experience, it is interesting to note that she attained her first job as an Associate Professor at the Yale School of Nursing and was later declared the Director of the Graduate Program in Mental Health Psychiatric Nursing. She many books published, which focus on the nursing theories and their implementations in the nursing practices (Logan, 2013).
In the latter half of the 1950s, Ida Jean Orlando formulated the Orlando's Nursing Process Theory. This theory was inductive in nature and was developed by conducting an empirical study on the nursing study and practice. During her practice as a nursing professional, she categorized the good and bad aspects of nursing practice. For almost three consecutive years, she observed 2000 interactions between the nursing practitioner and the patient.
She defined the good nursing practice where the prime focus of the nurse was on the non-verbal and verbal behavior of the patient that he might have shown immediately. It is observed from the commencement of the contact until the end of the conversation. On the other hand, the bad nursing practice highlights the nurse's focus on the documented or learned activity instead of observing the patient's immediate verbal and non-verbal behavior. These documentations lead the theorist is formulating the Deliberative Nursing process. This was published in the year 1961.
Contribution to the Past and Present Literature
The Orlando's theory is still considered and followed as the most effective and relative nursing practice theories, which are available to the nursing schools at the present moment. This theory has been translated and transcribed into six different languages for distribution all over the world. The theory has been utilized as the building ground for many other researches (Olson, 1997; Faust, 2002).
Phenomenon of Concern
Orlando used the conception of nurse- patient interaction with the prime focus on the nursing practice. Orlando does not specify the term "Health" in her theory but implies it. Hence, the therapeutic goals of nursing practice are also dependent on the interaction and behavior of the nurse practitioner and the patient. However, the interaction is concentrated on a specific time and space. Unless the patient does not feel comfortable in the presence of a nurse, the therapeutic activity will not be as effective as it is required (Abdoli, 2010).
Description of Orlando's Nursing Process Theory
The Orlando's Nursing Process Theory proves as an interrelating bond between the interaction of nurse and the communication of the patient. This theory has more of a logical nature and contributes to the daily nursing practice equally. The theory is also easy to understand and is simple in nature. Its contribution to the professional knowledge is enhanced by its application to the clinical practice (Faust, 2002).
Inductive Reasoning
Orlando's theory was developed in the late 1950s based on an empirical study. It was based on inductive reasoning because for approximately 3 years, Orlando observed 2000 interactions between the patients and nurses. At the end of the empirical study, she was able to categorize her results in two distinct categories. In order to prove and validate her findings, a research was conducted at the McLean Hospital. In this research, continuous tape recordings were studied. These recordings were an interaction between the nurses and patients. Some interactions were also between the patients and other health care members. Hence, it was inductive reasoning.
Major Concepts of Orlando's Theory
Human
In her theory of Nursing Process, Orlando uses the human nature concept. She pays special attention to the dynamic nature and individuality of concept of human. Operationally, she places the needy humans as the prime focus of nursing practice. She does not significantly emphasize on the health issue. On the other hand, she replaces health with the helplessness that requires the nursing.
Nursing
The second major concept of Orlando's theory is nursing itself....
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