McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y, Open Systems Theory, and in general a recognition of the complexities of what fosters and supports greater productivity on the part of people.
At this point the evolution of organizational theories begins looking at how the factors of the distribution of knowledge, the integration of process for knowledge management, and in general the recognition of personal productivity as the basis of competitive advantage. This specific phase in the evolution of organizational theories is so fundamentally disruptive to previous theories that the effects are found in global economic theories, including the theory of comparative advantage. One of the thought leaders in the area, Dr. Michael Porter (1990, pp. 32-78) whose groundbreaking analysis of productivity pointed to individual's ability to fundamentally re-order processes would eventually surface in the 21st century as a Business process Management (BPM) revolution. When one considers the evolutionary shift from seeing assets as the primary means of productivity to personal worker productivity, the corresponding growth in organizations' cultures also begins to grow in importance (Cordes, 2007, pp. 747-767). Cultures and their ability to quickly assimilate and create a shared knowledge base, a collective memory if you will, is becoming increasingly critical.
Oliver, Kondal, Kandadi, 2006, pp. 6-24). Also attributable to this specific evolutionary aspect of organizational theories is an increasing reliance on using technologies to manage and quickly access the shared memory of the organization. In fact the use of technology to further support the use of collective knowledge is beginning to have a reciprocal effect on organizational theory (Volkoff, Strong, Elmes, 2007, pp. 832-848), forcing more selective and targeted divisions of labor and a more decentralized delegation of authority. This has also lead to line and staff authority being more aligned to the individualized needs of projects and less hierarchical, centralized than had been the case in previous phases of organizational theory evolution. From the perspective of personal productivity being the dominant form of lasting competitive advantage as defined by Porter, the balance of power has begun to shift from authoritarian-based theories to more developmental and in highly skilled occupations, democratic approaches to management. Organizational theories now reflect the more heterogeneous aspects of cultures, systems, and processes for managing knowledge. In short, organizational theories have now become...
Organizational Theory #2 What core competences give an organization competitive advantage? What are examples of an organization's functional-level strategies? Core competencies are those capabilities that are critical to a business achieving a competitive advantage in the marketplace. Typically, core competencies can be identified by certain common characteristics -- offering a benefit to the customer, difficult to imitate, uniquely identify the organization and easily leveraged to create many products or operate in many
Organizational Theory #1 Create a code of ethics for an organization of your choice. For each point in the code of ethics, describe an ethical dilemma that would be resolved using the code of ethics. All employees will conduct business honestly and ethically. We will constantly improve the quality of our services, products and operations and create a reputation for honesty, fairness, respect, responsibility, integrity, trust and sound business judgment. (Provides a
The theory sees human organizational behaviors and conceptions culturally bound, rather than natural, unlike advocates of systems theory. Systems theory has been more influenced by sociology and linguistics than the natural sciences. Analyzing symbolic interpretations may be more useful in organizations serving diverse populations: if a public health organization wants to alleviate the prevalence of diabetes in an area, it is not enough to more effectively disseminate information through the
At the same time, this already discovered knowledge can be shared with the existing employees on a common forum and then implemented by each in part under the form of imitation. As we can see, with positive impacts, innovation and imitation can be successfully implemented internally, within the organization, and can help in maximizing the organization's activity. As we can see, organizational behavior helps, to some degree, shape the organization's
The goal is approached through three distinct channels -- (1) a bottom up approach, focused on the individual administrator; (2) a top down approach focused on organizational culture, and (3) the approach to values from a functional and practical angle. The conclusions can easily be extrapolated to the totality of entities, public or private, to reveal how an incremental emphasis is being placed on culture, ideologies, reform and efficiency. The
Organizational Theory Organizations Environment Each perspective examines organizations perceived relationships environment differently. Describe differences. What enacted features organization's (U.S. Postal Service) environment ways features displayed perceived consistent perspectives? Text: Organization Theory by Mary Jo Hatch. Each perspective examines organizations and their perceived relationships to the environment differently. For this discussion, describe these differences. Contingency theory stresses the fact that an organization's decision-making processes are in constant dialogue with the environment. An organization's policies
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