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Organic Farming Methods: An Annotated Thesis

In his work with Lyons (2008), Paull would renew his endorsement of organic regulatory measures, this time in response to increased consideration of nanotechnology as a way to stimulate
food growth. This is a finding which is usefully supplemented by the
finding in the article by Badgley et al (2007), which found that in
comparative studies to traditional methods, yields from organic agriculture
were equally high. This indicates that organic methods do not damage
efforts at improving world hunger even as they protect the environment.
This underscores a primary impetus of organic farming operations
which is denoted in the report by Shepherd et al (2003), which undertook an
assessment of the environmental impacts of organic farming. The authors
found that across such subjects as soil health, ecological resiliency,
water contamination and food contamination, organic farming operations have
proven consistently healthier. This positive perspective is also supported
in the article by Bengtsson et al (2005), which addressed the interests of
biodiversity. The withholding from pesticides practiced in organic
operations tend to improve species richness and prevent major ecological
disruption. By contrast, though the article by Hole et al (2004) does not
find reason to doubt that organic operations promote greater biodiversity,
it also finds that evidence is in short supply at this juncture and that
conclusions cannot yet be comparatively drawn to traditional operations
with any empirical reliability.
A good final word on this subject is one which pointedly refutes such
a claim. The article by Pimintel et al (2005), illustrates that so-called
'organic' methods have been in practice for thousands of years. Indeed,
this is a useful point of resolution for the synthesis of our literature,
indicating that humanity has a well-recorded history of sustainable success
without the aid of machinery or chemical intervention.

Works Cited:

Badgley, C.; Moghtader, J.; Quintero, E.; Zakem, E.; Chappell, M.J.; Aviles-
Vazquez, K.; Samulon, A. & Pefecto, I. (2007). Organic Agriculture...

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 22, 86- 108.

Bengtsson, J.; Ahnstrom, J. & Weibull, A. (2005). The effects of organic
agriculture on biodiversity and abudance: a meta-analysis. Journal of
Applied Ecology, 42, 261-269.

Dimitri, C. & Greene, C. (2002). Recent Growth Patterns in the U.S.
Organic Foods Market. Agriculture Information Bulletin, No. AIB777.

Goldberg, R. (2000). The Hypocrisy of Organic Farmers. AgBioWorld.
Online at http://www.agbioworld.org/biotech-info/articles/biotech-
art/hypocrisy.html

Hole, D.G.; Perkins, A.J.; Wilson, J.D.; Alexander, I.H.; Grice, P.V. &
Evans, A.D. (2004). Does organic farming benefit biodiversity.
Biological Conservation, 122(1), 113-130.

Lyons, K. & Paull, J. (2008). Nanotechnology: The Next Challenge for
Organics. Journal of Organic Systems, 3(1), 3-22.

Mayo Clinic Staff (MCS). (2008). Nutrition and Healthy Eating. Mayo
Clinic. Online at http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/organic-food/NU00255

Paull, J. (2006). The Farm As Organism. Elementals-Journal of Bio-
Dynamics Tasmania, 83, 14-18.

Pimintel, D.; Hepperly, P.; Hanson, J.; Douds, D. & Seidel, R. (2005).
Environmental, Energetic, And Economic Comparisons of Organic and
Conventional Farming Systems. BioScience, 55(7), 573-582.

Pollan, M. (2006). Review: The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of
Four Meals. Gastronomica, 7(3), 123-124.

Raeburn, P. (2006). Slow-Acting. Scientific American. Online at
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=slow-acting

Raynolds, L.T. (2004). The Globalization of Organic Agro-Food Networks.
World Development, 32(5), 725-743.

Shepherd, M.; Pearce, B.; Cormack, B.; Phillipps, L.; Cuttle, S.; Bhogal,
A.; Costigan, P. & Unwin, R. (2003). An Assessment of the Environmental
Impacts of Organic Farming. Defra-funded Project.

Wellson, A.J. (2006). Organic Agriculture in the U.S. Nova Publishers.

Willer, H.; Yussefi-Menzler, M. & Sorensen, N. (2008). The World of
Organic Agriculture. BioFach.

Sources used in this document:
Works Cited:

Badgley, C.; Moghtader, J.; Quintero, E.; Zakem, E.; Chappell, M.J.; Aviles-
Vazquez, K.; Samulon, A. & Pefecto, I. (2007). Organic Agriculture and
the Global Food Supply. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 22, 86-
108.

Bengtsson, J.; Ahnstrom, J. & Weibull, A. (2005). The effects of organic
agriculture on biodiversity and abudance: a meta-analysis. Journal of
Online at http://www.agbioworld.org/biotech-info/articles/biotech-
Clinic. Online at http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/organic-food/NU00255
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=slow-acting
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