As new patients went about the process of making their cup of tea, many neurological functions could be assessed without formal testing.
The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is one of the most widely used and best known neurological assessment tools. Introduced in 1974, GCS provides a simple and uniform assessment of a patient's level of consciousness. Aird and McIntosh (2004) cite Teasdale as stating the GCS is superior to technological monitoring. It measures three modes of behavior: verbal response, eye opening, and motor response, with each graded on a scale of increasing dysfunction. These scores are then combined to determine a consciousness level. However, Aird and McIntosh cite Segatore and Way as considering the psychometric properties of GCS to be weak, because it lacks the subtleties needed to appropriately detail patients who have discrete disturbances of intellectual function.
The MiniMental Status Examination (MMSE) is one of the most commonly referred to assessment tools. It was developed to assess psychiatric patients' cognitive abilities. It is used particularly in elderly care settings, according to Aird and McIntosh (2004). The MMSE measures attention, orientation, calculation, registration, recall, use of language, and the ability to follow a three-part command. Eleven open-ended questions are used to evaluate the person's recall, orientation and ability to follow simple visuospatial commands. Although it is not used to diagnose cognitive problems, the MMSE is used to confirm or rule out cognitive impairment.
Evaluation:
The article effectively describes several cognitive assessment tools. In addition to describing their features and benefits, the authors also point out some of the limitations of these tools. The ambiguous nature of the term "confused" is also discussed quite throughly, with some previous research briefly overviewed to...
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