The following is a list with an accompanying chart showing the graduation rates from several universities across the United States basketball teams.
School Basketball Percentage Graduated
Stanford University 100%
UCLA 36%
University of South California 36%
University of Oregon 33%
Washington State University 33%
Arizona State University 33%
Oregon State University 23%
University of Washington 22%
University of Arizona 15%
University of California-Berkley 15% (Weatherby & Edmonds, nd)
Graduation Rates among Basketball Athlete Students
Chapter 4: Measuring Results - 4%
Weatherby & Edmonds (nd)
Source: Weatherby & Edmonds (nd)
The rates for athlete-students football players graduation rates do not look much better as the following list and accompanying chart will illustrate.
School Football Percentage Graduated
Stanford University 82%
University of Oregon 68%
University of Southern California 65%
University of Arizona 61%
UCLA 61%
University of Washington 60%
Washington State University 54%
University of California-Berkeley 49%
Arizona State University 44%
Oregon State University 35% (Weatherby & Edmonds, nd)
Graduation Rates among Football Athlete Students
Source: Weatherby & Edmonds (nd)
Examination of the foregoing statistics does not present a basis upon which to support the argument that states that college athletes receive a free education because many of them in the long run are not in actuality receiving an education. (Weatherby & Edmonds, nd; paraphrased) The Journal of the Business Law Society published an article on March 23, 2005 entitled: "Pay to Play: Should College Athletes Be Paid?" attempts an answer to this dilemma and states that: "The reality is that college sports programs, namely the "big name" programs such as football and basketball programs at marquee schools, are businesses that stand to make a large amount of money for their respective schools." (2005)
According to an article in the Harvard Journal on Legislation, "[i]n the past twelve years, the amount of money generated by these two sports has increased nearly 300%, such that they now fund almost all other sports programs. 41 Harv. J. On Legis. 319. The student-athletes who participate in these programs are part of the reason why these schools stand to make such handsome profits: through ticket sales, endorsement deals, broadcasting deals, and jersey sales (although player names cannot be represented on jerseys), among other things." (The Journal of the Business Law Society, 2005)
Again the arguments arise that student athletes are receiving scholarships however this journal article states that the truth is that "full scholarships do not always entirely cover tuition and the cost of living. However, these students can still do what a majority of students do, which is to get loans. Still some of these student-athletes do not qualify for such loans, so there is still a gap between the money they get and the total cost of attendance. This gap, coupled with the fact that football and basketball players help generate so much revenue, has caused some intercollegiate teams to provide their athletes with extra compensation, which is in direct violation of NCAA bylaws. 41 Harv. J. On Legis. 319. " (Ibid) However, there are substantial arguments existing against paying student-athletes which of course include the Title IX issue which would cause all kinds of complications specifically if male athletes were paid more than female athletes. Other arguments pointed out by The Journal of the Business Law Society (2005) are the "significant gap in talent" that would result between the rich and poor schools as well as the lessening of competition which would effectively lessen the attendance at games and the resulting revenue as well.
The main problem states The Journal of the Business Law Society is "that it is not the college's primary function. The primary function of academic institutions is to educate, and not to hire student-athletes for their contributions." (2005) Stated as well is the inequity it would cause in the long-run for the athletes themselves as they were unduly influenced for a college and against another due to financial matters. The journal article does relate that even though there are strong arguments against paying student-athletes still "there are certain problems with the current NCAA system which can and should be cured. The gap between a full scholarship and the cost of attendance should be covered by the academic institution, especially when the student athlete does not qualify for a loan." (Ibid) This would ensure that students don't leave college with an unfinished education to play professional sports. (The Journal...
Gambling among college students is a growing problem on campuses across the country. A study released in May 2004 by the National Collegiate Athletic Association showed a growing tendency toward gambling among college-student-athletes, prompting the NCAA to commission a task force to study the problem (Dooley Pp). According to NCAA President Myles Brand, "The scope of sports wagering among intercollegiate student-athletes is startling and disturbing ... Sports wagering is a double threat
Sports Psychology and the self-Esteem of high school football players. Sports psychology: Annotated bibliography Cox, R.H., & Yoo, H.S. (1995). Playing position and psychological skill in American football. Journal of Sport Behavior, 18(3), 183 The Journal of Sports Behavior is a peer-reviewed journal focused upon research in sports psychology and its articles are not directed towards a popular audience. According to Cox & Yoo (1995) in this early study of the sports psychology
Even though Glory Road took place in the American South, its themes are prevalent throughout sports and through many different time periods. Current literature touches on many of the themes of the movie. A recent study of college students by Harrison and Lawrence looks at the perception regarding what seems to be the now dominating role of blacks in American sports today (Harrison & Lawrence, 2004). While this seems to contradict the theme of Glory Road,
Given that people engage in sporting events for a wide range of reasons, the authors assert that it is time for athletes to develop a moral code that embraces higher standards of conduct that will help reverse these recent trends and once again provide American sports with a sense of fair play and respect. Fredenburg, Karen, Rafer Lutz, Glenn Miller et al. (2005). "Dismissals and Perceptions of Pressure in Coaching
proxyserver.pk/Browse.php?u=kLff2qPdyOxOtvb9YJgKSuxxnfUcHvoa6%2Fy%2FUkaN3xIsEDuqjlc%3D&b= This video released by IBN Live reveals the gender discrimination suffered by an Indian Athlete, named Santhi Soundarajan, who lost her silver medal in the female 800m race of Asian games in Doha because of her failure in a gender test. The host of the show very calmly ridiculed the athlete and bluntly joked about athlete's gender by laughing and saying that may be the management and staff members
Secondly, the report alluded to by CSC asserts that in "gender symmetric" sports there are "far more scholarships available for women (32,656) than for men (20,206)." The third bullet point in the CSC press release points out that men's volleyball is the "by far the most difficult" scholarship at the Division I level; there are reportedly 489 high school athletes for every full ride NCAA scholarship. The "underlying" data that CSC
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