Nature-Nurture and Language Development
The development of language in an individual is considered as an antecedent from the cognitive ability that is found to be enacted from the genetic structure which helps in the retention and effective utilization of language in the early stages of life. However, the external stimuli with respect to culture and environment also play an effective role in the language development. Moreover, the application of language development program in the computers and machines has provided the evidence for the co-existence about the phenomena of nature and nurture for the learning capability.
Role of nature in the process of language development
Role of nurture in the process of language development
Computer Generated Speech and nature-nurture debate in human language development
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Role of nature in the process of language development
The progressive process of language development provides individuals with a way to communicate and express their thoughts either verbally or nonverbally, however, the language development is not considered to be simple. The acquisition of a language from an individual depends on the various spans of life which start from the infants age who are unable to understand the language and within a year; they start to understand some words. It has been observed that on average a two-year-old can possess the knowledge of about two hundred words which further increases up to the average of twenty thousand words per individual in the adulthood (Hoff, 2013).
It has been argued that that the process of language development is controlled by the internal stimuli because the children who are in the learning process of language do not learn only everything they hear but also learn the selective parts of language i.e. small words and then put them on use to express themselves. According to Sigelman and Rider (2014); it has been incurred by the experts that every individual possesses the universal grammar, which is considered as a built-in mechanism in our brain. During the span of language acquisition, the development of language in the brain takes place systematically. The children for instance, start learning the words even before they reach the age of one and after that they learn the exact use of phrase and combination of sentences in order to express themselves and start a conversation.
The evolutionary nature of life indicates that a man has adapted to great extent in order to maintain his survival and the notion has been developed in this respect that one's learning has been passed through the genes. The gradual learning of the earliest men kept transferring and only the useful knowledge in the genes lasted while deteriorating the useless information. However, the process of mutation with respect to slight changes in the DNA kept occurring and made the men special and able to speech as compared to other evolutionary species i.e. apes. The gene which represents the language is known as FOXP2 which is responsible for the growth and development of brain structure. Individuals who are found to be mutated in this type of gene encounter a lack of speech mechanism and do not possess the understanding of complicated words or sentence structure (Ardit&Ginzburg, 2013). A similar gene is also found in animals with slight structural changes which represents the song birds. Therefore, the development of language is a natural phenomenon which is learnt with the help of genetic structures that is possessed by an individual in order to retain what has been passed on to him for generations and learn with the sequential dimensions of language.
The development and understanding of language with respect to genetic tone indicates the notion that an individual may learn a second language but the genetic knowledge which prevail the native language effect the accent and subtle-effect of that language. Therefore, language is not considered as an ever-changing phenomena. It is rather found to be impacted with the genetic structures that one possess (Hoff, 2013). The study being conducted in this respect provided the evidence that the German kids were able to talk in Thai language when they learnt this language as a native but to some extent their accent was not found to be native due to the fact that their genetic structure was not mutated enough to adapt this way. Prior studies have also provided the evidence that an individual in his early span of life tends to learn the language other than the native language which are in accordance with its tone and provides resemblance; otherwise the difference with respect to the accent and complete adaption of the language will persist.
It has also been...
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