Running on pavement that is cantilevered, such as on a road that is designed to 'run off' rainwater, is more apt to be a culprit in developing patellofemoral pain, regardless of the individual's foot type, while running downhill may exacerbate the tendency of an individual to develop IB syndrome. Improper running shoes for the individual's foot type can also exacerbate both conditions -- inflexible new running shoes again heightening the chance of developing IB syndrome (Hunter, Dolan & Davis, 1995, p.31). Stress fractures are another common orthopedic plague. They are small fractures of the bone that develop over time, again often from overuse activities like running. Medical literature suggests that certain foot types are more apt to develop stress fractures in certain places than other areas of the body. For example, some believe that flat-footedness may actually guard against overuse injuries in certain places. One clinical study of fifty healthy subjects -- 34 with normal feet, 16 with flat feet -- walked and ran five trials each at standard speeds. An "assessment of impact found that biomechanically, individuals with a flat foot could be at a lower risk for lateral column metatarsal stress fractures, indicating that foot type should be assessed when determining an individual's risk for metatarsal stress fractures" (Chuckpaiwong, Nunley, Mall, Queen 2008, p.403). Outside of the 'laboratory,' individuals with cavus or high-arched feet seem more apt to contract 'Jones' fractures of the proximal fifth metatarsal, which do not heal well, as well as femoral and tibial stress fractures (Hunter, Dolan & Davis, 1995, p.30-31). However, a 1989 study of military recruits suggested that flat-footed individuals are more prone to metatarsal stress fractures, while high-arched individuals are more prone to tibial and femoral fractures Hunter,...
All of which may (or may not) explain the divergent results. Also, other causative factors may come into play -- individuals who are heavier or run more mileage may be more apt to be flat-footed, while high-arched individuals may prefer sports other than running that have less impact on the joints in question. Further study is needed to determine if flat-footedness is truly a detriment to full enjoyment of physical activities involving repetitive stress, and the idea that the shock-absorbing potential of pronation may even be helpful in some limited instances should also be entertained.
Sports Injuries - Concussions What is a Concussion? The Latin word concutere -- the source for the English word concussion -- means, literally, "to shake violently," according to Dr. Robert Cantu, Chief Clinical Professor of Neurosurgery and co-director of Boston University's Center for the Study of Traumatic Encephalopathy. In his book, Concussions and Our Kids: America's Leading Expert on How to Protect Young Athletes and Keep Sports Safe, Cantu reports that nearly
In addition to reckless and intentional action that results in injury, amateur coaching decisions, recommendations, and strategies can lead to injuries and can be considered elements of avoidable risk, constituting a breach of duty based on the expectations of the participants (Fitzgerald 2005). Breach can also occur, of course, through the intentional or reckless behavior of sports participants that shows a disregard of the basic rules and expectations of
athletic coach I have garnered a wide variety of skills, as well as an extensive understanding of the standard practices and procedures an individual in the field of exercise science should possess. My past experiences have provided me with substantial knowledge of the principles involved in the prevention and care of athletic injuries. With the following, I hope to illustrate that my experiences and subsequent research have provided me
Sports Injuries Competitive sports participation opportunities for children continue to grow. Nowadays, children begin their regular sport participation between the ages of 4 to 8 years. Most children enjoy sports and show great enthusiasm for participation. However, the situation changes when young athletes get involved in the elite-level championships organized and directed by adults. Children's play becomes transformed from informal playground games to highly organized sporting events that mirror adult
Supporting Research and Results Maffulli & Almekinders (2010) conducted a comparable study on 140 patients with Achilles tendon ruptures. Treatment included a conservative protocol. Re-rupture rate using this protocol is maintained at 4%. Events of re-rupture were treated using the same conservative regime. A significant percentage of patents utilizing the conservative method were able to return to competitive athletic ability (i.e. their previous sporting level) (Woo, Renstrom, & Arnoczky, 2007) The management
Sports Science and Sports Medicine- An Overview This is a paper about "Sports Science and Sports Medicine." 6 sources are given. (Harvard style) Sports/exercise science and medicine are fields that have only recently begun consolidating into distinct professions. They are both interrelated, the former being more of an investigative and experimental area while the latter deals with the implementation of the knowledge and techniques developed by sports science. They are still in the
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