Motivation: Intrinsic vs Extrinsic
Motivation plays a critical role in the success of an organization. Employees who are motivated to achieve organizational goals and targets leave a positive impression on the overall performance of that organization. While there are many theories and strategies concerning motivation, the one that is most critical is the debate regarding intrinsic and extrinsic rewards. Motivational theories like Maslow's theory or Vroom's expectancy theory fail to completely answer the question of which kind of reward is more important for motivation: intrinsic or extrinsic. For example can we truly motivate a person by showing him how extra effort on a task can enhance his knowledge or do we really need to attach a monetary reward with it? A student may be motivated to study harder for intrinsic reward like more knowledge and higher learning but without appreciation and recognition, will he continue to put in the effort simply for the sake of intrinsic reward? Before we delve deeper into the debate, we need to understand what is meant by each term. We shall then discuss if intrinsic rewards are really more important than extrinsic rewards for employee motivation.
Intrinsic Rewards:
Intrinsic rewards come from within. This would the most basic definition of the term. Intrinsic value of a work refers to the inherent quality of the job that excites or motivates a person. A student who studies for at least two hours a day and is deeply motivated by the idea of learning more and gaining higher knowledge in the subject is said to be intrinsically motivated. But the same student would be extrinsically motivated if he is looking for better grades or more recognition from professors and fellow students.
According to Weinberg & Gould (2003), there are three types of intrinsic motivation:
Knowledge
Accomplishment
Stimulation
A person who is motivated by knowledge factor would be interested in mastering the task he is assigned. He would want to be the best in the field for his own satisfaction and pride. Accomplishment is a related factor and a person is motivated by sense of accomplishment when he knows that doing a job perfectly gives me an internal sense of fulfillment. Stimulation refers to the...
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