Public Administration Mind Map
PA concepts decision-making, communication, public relations, supervision, coordination, unity of command, authority, leadership,
Theoretical Perspectives: modern theories:
behavioral approach of individual and organizational goals; social-psychological theory X and Y of McGregor; comparative PA by Riggs; developmental administration by Weidner; new PA by Minnowbrook.
Historical context
PA as a discipline began at the end of the
th century, with basis from different administrative perspectives from philosophy, economic, behavioral, political, and social of the early 1800s.
Selected PA Concept leadership, which is the ability to direct and organize human effort towards the achievement of specific objectives.
Ethical implications:
integrity, human understanding, intelligence, personal honesty, courage, and ability to communicate
PA practices:
identification of the most successful initiatives to address important issues; learning of that which does not and does work for each situation; inspiring in decision-making.
Basic Public administration: management of public affairs to achieve common goals.
Basic Public administration: management of public affairs to achieve common goals.
Basic Public administration: management of public affairs to achieve common goals.
PA Concerns a learning experience; shared understanding of social complexities; implementation capability; policy sensitivity; promotion of publicness.
Leadership
functional elements
-- planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting, and budgeting.
Leadership principles
-- division of work, authority, discipline, unity of command, unity of direction, scalar chain, centralization, order, equity
Public Administration Leadership
- a formal structural arrangement where work is divided, defined, arranged, and coordinated.
PA leadership
-- non-political and technical organization meant to realize policies with efficiency and economy towards productivity.
The mind map identified that public administration is a varied and multi-disciplinary area that is continually evolving. The map identifies key corner stone of different definitions, historical developments, concepts, practices, theories and aspects of public administration. The map reveals that the definition of public administration is under the influence of government activity and historical context that began in the late 17th century with the rise of the modern state. Under this political system, public administration concerns itself with the management of human affairs in public laws, state functions, and public welfare considerations. Therefore, this leads the map to define public administration as "the management of public affairs to achieve common goals." Three oval shapes with different shades and boarders represent public administration, as a dynamic concept that is continually evolving. Public administration is dynamic since it is a science, an art and a philosophy, which is in many institutional set ups like business, healthcare, and education among others. The artistic, scientific, and philosophical dynamics of public administration are the results of the different approaches, which are a reflection of its practices, concerns, and concepts. It is dynamic since it has different approaches, which have their foundations on the historical context of public administration.
Historical approaches include political theory of public administration postulated by Woodrow Wilson, public policy, classical approach of Gulick and Urwick, classical approach, scientific management of Taylor, Weber's bureaucracy and mayo's human relations approach. These approaches show the historical revolution of the modern public administration under the influence of political, law, economics, and social ideologies of each period. These are important as the form the basis of modern public administrations and are the source of the current theories. The study identifies that public administration is evolving from the historical approaches under the current theories. These include the behavioral approaches of Simon Herbert, Argyis's individual and organizational goals, and Maslow's hierarchy of needs. This also includes the social-psychological approaches of McGregor theory X and Y and Likert's theory of systems of management. Of importance are Rigg's comparative public administration studies that are currently hugely influential in public administration. Other modern approaches include Weidner's development administration and Minnowbrook new public administration perspective.
The discussion will look at the concept of leadership in public administration in relation to theories, concepts, and practices. The concept of leadership and its connection to other concepts like decision-making, unity of command, authority, and hierarchy, are of interest to this research. The discussion also explores the concept of public administration leadership in terms of best practices and ethical principles.
Discussion
Definition
The field of public administration is wide and dynamic, and for this reason, this discussion limits itself to the ramifications of key concepts, theories, and practices on leadership. Public administration is "decision making, the formulation...
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now