Personality Measurements
Personality traits make up the characteristics of the individual. Schmutte and Ryff (1997) define personality traits as describing, "individual propensities toward stable patterns of behavior and thought, that often are neither inherently good nor inherently bad." Psychologists generally assess five factors of the personality, known as the Big Five personality factors. These five factors include neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness. There are multiple scales designed to measure such factors. This paper will examine four major instruments used to measure personality, specifically, the Big Five personality traits; the NEO-Five-Factor Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992), the Five Factor Personality Inventory developed by Somer, Korkmaz & Tatar in 2002 (Tok, 2011), and the Big Five Inventory (John, Donahue & Kentle, 1991).
Discussion of Topic
When deciding on an instrument to measure personality, a researcher must take into account the scale's validity, reliability and preferred methodology. For this reason, there are often a variety of scales associated with a variable. Personality is no exception. There are multiple options for assessing personality. John and Srivastava (1999) argue there are too many stating that, "although diversity and scientific pluralism are useful, the systematic accumulation of findings and the communication among researchers became difficult amidst the Babel of concepts and scales" (pg. 2), and further that some scales measure similar concepts while others measure completely different concepts (John & Srivastava). To assess the personality in relation to the Big Five, a researcher must choose a scale that reliably measures the factors in a way that fits the methodology.
One popular scale used to measure the Big Five factors is the short form of the NEO-Five-Factor Inventory developed by Costa and McCrae (1992). This...
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