Verified Document

Metabolics And Cardiovascular Disease Research Proposal

Mass Spectrometry in Medical Research Metabolics is an emerging approach to cardiovascular biomarker research. Through the use of metabolic approaches based on chemistry, the metabolic properties that underlie a variety of cardiovascular disease (CVD) states can be analyzed (Senn, et al., 2012). Biomarkers are currently identified in biospecimens according to quantified protein-based end products, rather than representing the disease states by the metabolomics profiles that characterize the disease (Senn, et al., 2012). The literature shows use of both open (unbiased) and closed (targeted) approaches to "identifying, describing, and verifying metabolic differences between disease and nondisease conditions" (Senn, et al., 2012). The use of metabolomics profiling, without evidence of traditional risk factors, is being used to learn more about mortality due to cardiovascular disease, as well as myocardial infarction and stroke (Senn, et al., 2012).

Cardiovascular disease (4-6 sentences are enough)

The leading cause of mortality and morbidity in developed nations is cardiovascular disease (CVD) (Barallobre-Barreiro, et al., 2013). The current state of cardiovascular medicine requires reliance on commonly known and quite well understood conventional risk factors: Age, diabetes, gender, hypertension, and smoking (Barallobre-Barreiro, et al., 2013). A considerable difficulty associated with these risk factors is their prevalence in the general population, which results in high prediction failure rates for a majority of CVD cases over a 10-year period; this is true with even the best available algorithms for acute coronary events (Barallobre-Barreiro, et al., 2013). Moreover,...

The current use of biomarker assessment is based on quantification of a handful of metabolites or proteins.
Metabolomics

The science of metabolomics is the systematic study of the "unique chemical fingerprints of small molecules or metabolite profiles that are related to a variety of cellular metabolic processes in a cell, organ, or organism" (Senn, et al., 2012). The creation of metabolic profiles enables direct and indirect insights into the detectable physiology of a broad range of biospecimens (Senn, et al., 2012). Metabolic profiling provides information that exceeds what is made available through processes that, for instance, provide messenger RNA gene expression data and proteomic analyses (Senn, et al., 2012).

Metabolics have been used in both "open" and "closed" profiles. Raw data is the product of open profiling as the analysis is untargeted (Senn, et al., 2012). While the untargeted approach can lead to the discovery of new or previously unrecognized disease processes, the lack of specificity may contribute to difficulties in efforts to understand disease pathways (Senn, et al., 2012). Because of this difficulty, some experts assert that, "the patterns may just be noise rather than signal" (Senn, et al., 2012, p, 72). Alternately, closed or targeted analysis focuses on a limited set of metabolites, which results in more purposeful examinations (Senn, et al., 2012). The significance of targeted profiling is that it enables the validation of a biomarker following…

Sources used in this document:
References

Barallobre-Barreiro, Javier, Yuen-Li Chung, and Manuel Mayr. "Proteomics and metabolomics for mechanistic insights and biomarker discovery in cardiovascular disease." Revista Espanola de Cardiologia (English Edition) 66.8 (2013): 657-661.

Cheng, Mei-Ling, et al. "Metabolic disturbances identified in plasma are associated with outcomes in patients with heart failure: diagnostic and prognostic value of metabolomics." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 65.15 (2015): 1509-1520.

Rhee, Eugene P., and Robert E. Gerszten. "Metabolomics and cardiovascular biomarker discovery." Clinical chemistry 58.1 (2012): 139-147.Senn, Todd, Stanley L. Hazen, and WH Wilson Tang. "Translating metabolomics to cardiovascular biomarkers." Progress in cardiovascular diseases 55.1 (2012): 70-76.
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Cardiovascular Diseases' Is an Umbrella Term Representing
Words: 696 Length: 2 Document Type: Essay

Cardiovascular diseases' is an umbrella term representing a number of disorders known to affect the heart and blood vessels. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the number of deaths attributable to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is higher than that attributable to any other disease. However, people who live in low-income nations are more prone to death from CVDs than those who live high-income nations. People in Low-Income Countries More Likely to

Cardiovascular Disease in Men Who Exercise
Words: 2075 Length: 7 Document Type: Essay

Nuances in Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease: A Comprehensive Approach for Men\'s Health Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among men worldwide. Regular physical activity is widely recognized as a protective factor against various forms of CVD, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and hypertension (Myers, 2003). Nevertheless, the relationship between exercise and CVD in men is complex, with nuances that are critical to understand. Engaging in

Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Diseases
Words: 686 Length: 2 Document Type: Term Paper

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major public health concerns since they contribute to 7 million hospitalizations annually and death. As a result, the identification of suitable treatment options for the diseases is important in order to enhance patient outcomes. Advanced practice nurses play a critical role in recommending appropriate treatment options for patients with these disorders. This process entails examining aspects that could influence the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic

Metabolic Syndrome in the United
Words: 1177 Length: 4 Document Type: Term Paper

Metabolic syndrome is significant for our patient for several reasons. As we have noted, the syndrome is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Those patients who have metabolic syndrome tend to develop coronary atherosclerosis at a higher rate than those who have coronary risk factors alone. Obesity increases the risk of metabolic syndrome but so does pre-obesity, or BMI ranging from 25-30. Women who have been diagnosed with

Cardiovascular Health a Nurse With
Words: 2748 Length: 10 Document Type: Thesis

"Participants were instructed to drink no more than 3 caffeinated beverages and no more than 2 alcoholic beverages per day" (pg. 2457). Two features from this study that stand out when compared to the previous study (as read about earlier) was that this study sought to keep the participants weight relatively stable and that the participants were not obese and old, but were young and healthy. The goal of this

Cardiovascular System Functions of the
Words: 2784 Length: 8 Document Type: Term Paper

The first heart sound is generally longer and lower than the second, producing a heartbeat that sounds like lub-dup, lub-dup, lub-dup. Blood pressure, the pressure exerted on the walls of blood vessels by the flowing blood, also varies during different phases of the cardiac cycle. Blood pressure in the arteries is higher during systole, when the ventricles are contracting, and lower during diastole, as the blood ejected during systole moves

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now