Mental health disorder is a continuum ranging from a severe disorder to minor distress of behavior or mind. The prime target of the health initiative is to enhance the social functioning and health of mentally ill persons (Halpern & Kaste, 2013). Oral health problem contributes to quality of life, general health, and self-esteem. Although it might have a minimal priority in the context of depression, the impact of mental health and treatment of oral health need to be addressed.
Dental Consequences of Depression
Studies indicate that high comorbidity and chronic dental pain are the most commonly recognized dental implications. Literature on chronic pain and depression extends to describe the reciprocal relation between depression and dental pain. Decreased motivation and energy, coupled with negative self-opinions associated with depression might cause a detrimental effect on oral hygiene habits and adherence to treatment interventions (Kandel, 2012). Depressed patients frequently have minimal interest in basic self-care activities. Adverse cognitive distortions worsen the depressive effects making the patients care less about themselves.
Additionally, besides the vegetative impacts of depression, physiological approaches might also affect oral health. Depression is always connected with a declined metabolism of serotonin, which is later linked to the high carbohydrate intake. This lays the foundation for favorable conditions for the development of acidduric bacteria. The existence of a high prevalence of these bacteria indicates the growth and progression of dental caries. The existence of pathogenic bacteria colonization can be caused by impaired functioning of the immune system linked to depression (Niedert & Dorner, 2009).
Persons with a high percentage of symptoms related to depression are prone to suffer periodontitis. It is theorized that neglect of oral hygiene, altered immune response, and increase in smoking facilitates an increase in colonization by pathogenic bacteria. This alters the periodontal attachment. Persons receiving antidepressants might occasionally develop a movement disorder that includes grinding or clenching of the teeth (Dumitrescu, 2010). This will further worsen the periodontal condition. This might happen because these antidepressants increase the levels of extrapyramidal of the serotonin hence...
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