Picture yourself as a member of the House of Commons in the United Kingdom and the State Duma of the Russian Federation. Describe the role that your political party plays in your career as a legislator. How does the party help you in your work, and how does it restrict you? To what extent is your career tied up with that of the party? As a backbencher (or equivalent), what changes might you want to see in the organization of your party?
"Members of Parliament"
Real Time:
As legislator in the British HOC, not much has changed to my role in the recent history since Britain is fixated on tradition. The role of the legislator in the HOC has, therefore, remained virtually unchanged. Perhaps the only push for change in recent times has come about due to the swift atmosphere of change in global politics / environment calling for faster involvement in Parliament in making their laws. Legal change has become more hectic in the 21st century, and people are pushing for Parliament to keep apace.
More significantly, Britain's membership in the EU also brought changes where traditional authority of Parliament was challenged and Parliament now became subject to the rulings of the European Court of Justice. Legislation, therefore, passed in Parliament has to consider the involvement and ruling of the EU and have to conform to European requirements (examples of these are company, consumer and employment law).
Britain's social climate has also changed aspects of the law; considerations of homosexuality have become more relaxed; women are given more rights; there is a greater emphasis on environmental protection; abortion has been legalized and divorce is more obtainable. The law has adapted to these changes (Pearson Ed. Chapter 2 )
As regards the Duma, the rules for legislator involvement in laws were promulgated in 1995 which is comparatively recently. Not much, if anything, has changed since then. The laws also reflect modifications to morals of recent times such as the controversial "On Amendments to Federal Law On Protecting Children from Information Harmful to Their Health and Development and Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation" which touched on Internet and telecom services (Russian Lawmakers Set to Debate Internet Blacklist, MOSCOW, July 6 (RIA Novosti)] http://en.ria.ru/russia/20120706/174427445.html).
One point of contention in the State Duma which has still not been resolved is the amount of power that the Federation Council has and its partisanship to the President. At least at the moment, many of the members of the Duma themselves are less pro-President than those in the Federation Council are. This has resulted in wrangling which both chambers tried unsuccessfully to break in February 1996. Little change has been effected since then in the legislative running of the two Chambers (Monagabay.com)
1. Passing Laws as Member of House of Commons: Parliament
As legislator, I clearly stand a better chance being connected with the HOC than I do with the HOL. This is because the HOC is more powerful in passing legislation than is the HOL, and I stand a better chance her in passing my bill.
Bills may be passed in either House, although the controversial Bills are frequently launched from the HOC. More so, it is the supremacy of the HOC in passing bills that stands me in good stead. Parliament Acts ensures that certain bills can be passed by the HOC without needing the assent of the HOL. This not only increases the chance of the bills being accepted, but also lessens the amount of time for bills to be implemented into actuality.
There are other bills, too, that the HOL cannot delay for more than one month. These include those dealing with funds (such s national taxation or public money). Most other bills cannot be delayed for more than two parliamentary sessions, or for beyond one year.
If my bill is concerning taxation or supply, it is advantageous that I actually belong to the HOC rather than to the HOL, since only a member of the HOC can produce...
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