Literature Review for Capstone Project
Introduction

In the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D), medication adherence is a crucial issue. One of the strategies to ensure medication adherence among T2D patients is nurse-led intervention meant to change the behavior of patients. This study, therefore, seeks to determine how a nurse-led behavior change intervention compares to standard care in patients with T2D in increasing adherence to medication in a period of four months. This section is a literature review that analysis eight literature materials.

A comparison of research questions

In all the articles, the research questions incorporate the aspect of nonadherence to medication/management strategies, however, there are varying aspects in the details of each research question. In Costa et al. (2015), the study focused on chronic diseases in general, and not specifically on T2D. In Whitehead et al. (2017), the intervention is not led by nurses and it not only limited to T2D but also includes mental health. Guo et al. (2019) have a research question that is not clear on whether the intervention sought to affect medication adherence. In the research by Supachaipanichpong et al. (2018), the intervention was education, which is not stated on whether it is nurse-led. On the other hand, Sapkota et al. (2015), seeks to determine whether nonadherence affect diabetes therapy, therefore, there is no intervention included. While behavior change in Balducci et al. (2019) is considered as an effective solution in improving medication adherence, the research seeks to identify whether the behavior change would last into the long-term. Contrary to Balducci et al. (2019), Johansen et al. (2017) sought to determine whether lifestyle intervention can maintain glycemic control in patients with T2D. Lastly, in Mohd et al. (2016), the intervention is not nurse-led. This notwithstanding, it is obvious that the various research questions surrounding the concept of medication adherence...…the study objective for each of the studies, there are various recommendations for future study. Costa et al (2015) recommend that future research should focus on the long-term efficacy of intervention tools on medication persistence as well as the role of formal and informal caregivers on patient adherence. Whitehead et al. (2017) recommend that additional research is required to explore the value of group sessions over individual interventions and the benefits of ACT compared to education. Guo et al. (2019) recommend that future research should include multiple sites, longer follow-up periods, and measurement of the burden on nursing staff. Supachaipanichpong et al. (2018) recommend that future research should focus on the effect of the intervention on blood glucose levels, different populations, and medication persistence. Balducci et al. (2019), as well as Johansen et al. (2017), recommend that future research needs to factor in diverse populations to increase the generalizability of the study findings.…