Taken together, the foregoing indicates that irrespective of the precise definition that is used, sustainable tourism development is based on three main principles, economic, environment and social which are described below:
1. Economic: This principle refers to something that affects to the majority number of people and enhance the economic situation which is related to sustainable management of economic in tourism sector. This can regarded as opportunities to educate and train employees, support local suppliers, trade, producers and so on (Chapman, 2007). This principle is consistent with the observation by King (2008) that, "tourism in Thailand, as with tourism in the Asian region more generally, is a highly diversified, complex, and changing phenomenon, the impact and consequences of which have to be gauged within the wider process of economic development and social change" (p. 105).
2. Environmental: The environmental principle refers to nature places, wildlife, energy, pollution, water and so forth (Rain Forest Alliance, 2007). All of these need to be taken into account in order to maintain and enhance the resources for future generations.
3. Social. This principle means to respect the local traditions and communities in particular place (Chapman, 2007). Achieving authentic sustainability, though, depends on many factors. It is believed that to achieve the sustainable is responsible for all stakeholders. The influence of stakeholders can help sustainability in the quality of the environment (Bramwell and Lane, 2003).
Stakeholders in sustainable tourism development are comprised of residents (local), management (state), government (federal), non-governmental organization, employees, industry involvement and tourists. To be successful in sustainable (equally concerned of economic, environment and social), a different of stakeholder positions and views, need to be concerned. For tourism planning in development, the participation of all stakeholders are essential of public contribution in the decision making process and benefits of tourism development. In sum, stakeholder participations appears to be a critical component of sustainable tourism (Green, 1995; Leslie, 1993; Murphy, 1988).
National governments and international organizations such as the World Bank, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), the Eco-tourism Society, the Domestic Technology Institute, the European Union (EU), the Business Council for Sustainable Development and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) have all actively supported wise-use, market-driven, integrated, sustainable development principles and programs (Hirsch and Warren, 1999). To date, these and other organizations have actively promoted the so-called "greening of development practices" within the global tourism industry that specifically encourage local participation (Hirsch and Warren, 1999) and these issues are discussed further below.
The Need for Local Participation in Sustainable Development Initiatives
Local participation in sustainable development initiatives has been important key in tourism industry in developing countries for more than 30 years (Li, 2006). The research to date indicates that in order to gain benefits and achieve a competitive advantage in many emerging nations, it is essential to include local communities in the developmental process. It is also believed that it will be benefits if local participate in decision making process. Local participation can be supporter in sustainable development (Van Rooyen, 2004). Conversely, a lack of local support can doom even the most well-designed and funded tourism development initiatives (Hirsch and Warren, 1999).
The participation of local people in particular destination is therefore the main key to developing sustainable tourism offerings. It is said that local involvement is the road in development of sustainable tourism as the involvement of community plays a key role in long-term standing and can generate the quality of community's life (Putnam, 2000). In addition to the Community involvement is the road in sustainable development, it is the process in decision making which enables local to be part of development. It results in supporting local culture, tradition and local knowledge,...
A strategic market plan is a written, long-term marketing plan covering three or more years into the future. A marketing plan is a written, short-term (tactical) marketing plan, for a period of two or fewer years into the future (Morrison, 2003). Customer's perceptions of hospitality and travel services can also be easily influenced. According to Morrison, customers use perceptual screens or filters, also known as selective exposure, to screen
Tourism Distribution Network due to a mounting trend of ecommerce in the global market. The advent World Wide Web, Wireless Application Protocol and the integration of media with tourism, has somewhat halted the growth of traditional channels of travel and tourism. Thus, showing a prelude to eTourism, a modern concept of online or web-based distribution network, providing complete travel information and booking details only a click away. But this
Arab Spring Reshapes the Tourism and Hospitality Industry in the Middle East Research Structure Arab Spring Importance of Tourism in the Effected Regions Negative Impacts of Arab Spring on the Tourism Sector of the Middle Eastern Region Selection of Keywords Egypt Tunisia Syria Yemen Recommendations for Further Research The Arab Spring Reshapes the Tourism and Hospitality Industry in the Middle East The Arab Springs can be defined as a series of revolutions along the Middle Eastern countries, for example Tunisia and Egypt.
Pro-Poor Tourism: Association With Development Activities, Sustainability, And Benefiting Local and Poor Population Tourism is an effective tool of achieving development, especially in developing nations, and poor and remote communities. This is possible if governments, non-governmental, and private institutions involved in tourism engage poor and local communities in tourism activities, through pro-poor tourism strategies. Pro-poor tourism strategies, which can alleviate poverty and encourage development include unlocking opportunities in the tourism sector
Tourism Handbook Coverage of Foreign Investment in Tourism The Sage Handbook of Tourism Studies offers a fantastic overview of the issue of tourism and tourism studies but as has been pointed out is developed from the perspective that the world was not necessarily about to experience an extreme global recession. For instance in the timeline associated with tourism development internationally the work provides the last section of the timeline to include
The lack of resources and personnel, however, has hampered the implementation of many environmental measures. International influence aggravates the problem by undermining the government ability to monitor or enforce these measures (Pat). Case Study: Ecotourism in India One of the 12 mega diversity countries in the world is India (Bora 2011). About 8% of the world's biodiversity is found in this country, which is 10th out of 25 in terms of
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now