It is fairly clear that there was learning going on when the children observed aggressive behavior, but leaping immediately to the conclusion that what was learned was aggression, and not the specific behaviors exhibited by the adult models and repeated by the children, seems at least a little presumptive. If it can be assumed that the children in the experiment had never witnessed the specific behaviors of the models prior to the experiment (which would have been necessary to establish for the experiment itself to be valid), then the behavior might have been simply frightening to them, and acting out the behaviors might have been a method of familiarizing themselves with the behavior so as to understand it and make it less frightening. Though the end result would be the same desensitization to aggression, the possibility of this mechanism is important. This possibility, and the construction and results of the Bobo experiment as they now stand, also raise some serous ethical concerns. If the fear I theorized above were actually at work in the learning process, then simply subjecting the children to the behavior would create ethical problems by needlessly frightening the children. Of even greater concern, however, were the long-term effects of the Bobo experiment on the children involved in the experiment that witnessed the aggressive behavior of the adult models. Eight months after the time of the experiment, forty percent of these children still exhibited the same type of aggressive behavior that they had...
This suggests that even this single instance of exposure to aggressive behavior was enough to create a long-term pattern of behavior in the children. If the experiment truly caused long-term behavioral differences, especially negative ones, in the children involved, it was completely unethical in the first place.ethical issues that need to be taken into consideration when using human subjects in research. The biggest thing is informed consent. The subjects need to fully understand what the nature of the research is. Where there are risk to the subject -- unlikely in an interview setting -- these need to be fully explained. In observation research, there is much more risk because the subjects are actually doing things,
(1996) that do not this particular element as a deciding factor in the procedures (e.g., Meltzoff, 1988). Research Question will explore the dimension and effect of vicarious learning and its importance in today's world at a very early stage of a person's life: school life. Does vicarious behavior and observance or peer pressure/influence have an effect on the viewer or observer's behavior? Is this effect long-term or short-term, good or
Ethical Analysis of Merck and Vioxx How could Merck management have handled the research, development and marketing of Vioxx in a more ethically responsible fashion, if at all? On September 30, 2004, Merck & Company declared the drawback associated with Vioxx, its extremely profitable pain reducer for osteoarthritis victims, from the marketplace. This particular move came only 7 days after scientists within the company discovered in a medical trial that subjects who
For the purposes of this review, Web-based instruction is considered to be any educational or training program distributed over the Internet or an intranet and conveyed through a browser, such as Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator. Java applet-based instruction is a special form of Web-based instruction. Although there is very little research on comparing the effectiveness of Java applet-based instruction to the traditional face-to-face offering. However Web-based instruction has received enough
Health Psychology Issues Health psychology is the field of study in which psychological and behavioral factors of health, sickness, and wellness are examined. This paper has three parts in which the first part is dedicated to an investigation of a health psychology topic along with a broad literature review; the second part reviews a recovery process aided by a self-help group; the third part encompasses presents a behavioral health prevention report. People
The findings of this study will be disseminated through the use of technology and the postal service. There will be several potential user groups identified following the study completion and those groups will be emailed and asked of they wish to see the results of the study. If they respond in the affirmative they will be sent a copy through the postal service that will include all of the research material. Conclusion This
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