That the resulting product might have been all left shoes and no right shoes would have seemed inconsequential, just as long as lots of glue had been used up. De Pree suggested that the old Soviets needed to take a broader view of input measurement.
In his own version of 'management by walking around,' De Pree seems to believe 'water cooler' discussions are a good way to measure some inputs, such as the inputs that concern employee interest.
De Pree considers 'inputs' in a very different light from the old Soviets, or even from the new Americans; rather than measuring board feet of lumber, he suggests that measuring what the organization expects from the employees is a better measure, and may include not only board feet of lumber sawed, but belief in a shared vision and so on.
Inputs are, to De Pree, the annual meeting at which visions are produced and shared. In addition, they are also questions and contrary opinions, the very things he believes are among the important ones setting non-profit organizations apart from for-profit ones. Perhaps the most useful point he makes regarding this, in a society obsessed with 'accountability,' is that there is a place for anonymity. While he notes that many executives will simply disregard any information about the organization that they receive anonymously, others will retain the information, possibly for later confirmation and action. Still others will use their powers of discernment and take anonymous information very seriously under advisement. De Pree makes the point that "we express our opinions anonymously every time we vote" (De Pree, 2003, p. 54), and those are certainly taken seriously.
Despite De Pree's insistence that leadership be by example rather than force, or perhaps because of it, he ends his discussion with an extensive treatise on morality and ethics, not a bad subject in the post-Enron era. He wrote this book before the Clinton-Lewinsky debacle, however, so it was apparent that at least in some organizations, notably the premier organization in the United States, its government, leaders were not yet completely cognizant concerning one of De Pree's most important points: "Nothing...
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