Most of these historical leaders were usually from the upper classes with a few of them from lower classes having the opportunity to lead. Consequently, this led to the idea that leadership had something to do with proliferation. This theory was also based on the assumption that leaders are born and not made (Cherry n.d.). This is the belief that leaders are excellent people, born with intrinsic qualities and

Transformational Leadership Style type, ISTJ enhances or hinders leadership effectiveness while working as a team. An observer defines leadership as follows: "Leadership is a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent." (Donald Clark, 1997) Transformational leadership stems from George MacGregor Burns (1978) Model of Moral, Transaction & Transformational Leaders. According to Burns

Birmingham Campaign of 1963 and the Civil Rights Movement Since the end of the Civil War and the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which abolished slavery in America, equal rights for African Americans was one of the anticipated outcomes. Yet, the law did not swing entirely in favor of equality; rather, it offered freedom and segregation. Jim Crow laws were essentially institutionalized with the Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) decision, which

Potentially any individual who is gifted, if stifled and/or offered negative role models of behavior could become a negatively deviant individual in adulthood or childhood. It is important to point out that many experts conclude that these young people are often feared, due to their differences and the complications of helping such a child are many. (Winner, 1996, p. 2) Deviant people -- whether atypical in personality, intellect, or both

However, although Machiavelli held firm in his belief that the Church should not have the same governing functions as the State, he provided the example of Pope Julius in demonstrating how, if a religious leader holds firm to his beliefs and manner of disciplining his clergy, he can establish a strong clergy and can yield influence and power over the State and civil society. In describing Pope Julius's leadership style,

Elaine Graham's Transforming Practice: Pastoral Theology in an Age of Uncertainty Major Schools of Thought and Actors In Transforming Practice: Pastoral Theology in an Age of Uncertainty, Elaine L. Graham addresses Traditional, Postmodern, Empirical, Liberation and Feminist perspectives on Theology and ultimately on Pastoral Theology. In order to address these perspectives, Graham traces the historical development of each, current theological realities, and prospective "horizons." The result is an extensive review of the