Leadership Styles
Theory X and Theory Y represents a dichotomous view of leadership-worker relations. Theory X "assumes that employees are naturally motivated and dislike working" (MindTools.com 2013). This theory leads to a conclusion of authoritarian management where employees need to be actively directed in their tasks and require significant supervision. Managers must supply the employees with motivation, or the work will not get done. Organizations that subscribe to this theory of motivation tend to be top-heavy, hierarchical, and with strict rules. Theory X is sometimes suitable for organizations like large-scale production environments, where there is little benefit to allowing greater employee freedom.
Theory Y, in contrast, emphasizes "a participative style of management that is de-centralized, assumes employees are happy to work, are self-motivated and creative, and enjoy greater responsibility" (MindTools.com, 2013). MUSE (2013) points out that the Theory Y style of leadership has become increasingly common in American society in recent decades, and management styles have adapted to this change. Theory Y is all but essential in most knowledge-based organizations. Organizations that adopt Theory Y tend to have lower centralization, more collaboration and they managerial role is mostly one as s facilitator, as opposed to a director.
The pros and cons of each style can be illustrated in the following chart:
Pros
Cons
Theory X:
Tight control
Good for...
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Theory X and Theory Y Select organizational leaders analysis activity current research. Critique leader Douglas MacGregor's Theory X Theory Y Identify proper category leader assessment. Include examples situations actions reflect type leader . Theory X versus Theory Y: Apple vs. Google According to Douglas McGregor' analysis of managerial personality styles, managers fall into two basic 'types,' that of Theory X or Theory Y Theory X managers tend to exert authority through a traditional
Theory X and theory Y According to McGregor (1969), Theory X and Theory Y explain describe the differences in management styles and the behavior of leadership. He assumed that the leaders in organization have diverse views on the skills and motivation of the members of organization. Theory X Theory X is a management style which embodies autocratic leadership approach to leadership. The managers who are categorized as a Theory X leaders in general
Theory Y Theory X Theory X / Theory Y Theory X / Theory Y reflects Douglas McGregor's suggestion in The Human Side of Enterprise that managers tend to fall into two categories, in terms of how they see human nature. Theory X managers take a 'carrot and stick' approach when motivating subordinates. They assume that workers are inherently resistant to labor and will do all they can to avoid doing work so
Leadership - Central Core of Organizational Success Effective Leadership in Corporations you didn't mentioned anything about (For each theory explain how it might benefit a named organisation as well as how it could be incorporated effectively into the organisation. Introduction to Leadership What is leadership? A leader could be interpreted as someone who sets direction in an effort and influence people to flow the direction, helps them to establishment to goal, guides them towards
Conclusion It is difficult to show which theory works best in practice, as every company has a unique environment and workforce (Daft, 2004). However, few would argue that Theory X is an outdated leadership style that does not promote success. According to Kopelman et al. (2008): "At the heart of McGregor's argument is the notion that managers' assumptions/attitudes represent, potentially, self-fulfilling prophecies. The manager who believes that people are inherently lazy
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