¶ … Juvenile Courts and Adult Court
Overview of Juvenile Justice System
According to the Office of Justice Programs, the Juvenile Justice System has "undergone significant modifications during the last 30 years." (2013, p.1) The first U.S. juvenile court was established in 1899 in Chicago. In the early 1990s, it is reported that views of juvenile crime, which became an epidemic "fueled public scrutiny of the system's ability to effectively control violent juvenile offenders." (Office of Justice Programs, 2013, p.1) For this reason, there were changes in the legislative process adopted by the U.S. states reported to be part of an effort "to crack down on juvenile crime." (Office of Justice Programs, 2013, p.1) Approximately two-thirds of youth arrested are referred to a court with a juvenile jurisdiction for processing such crimes. The court may decide in some cases to refer juveniles to other agencies for services however, prosecutors have a choice to file some juvenile cases into adult criminal court. There are approximately 1 million juvenile delinquency cases processed each year by the juvenile court system.
II. Comparison of Juvenile and Adult Court
The differences between the juvenile court and the adult court includes that juveniles "are not prosecuted for committing crimes, but rather delinquent acts. When the delinquent acts are very serious, they may be considered crimes and the juvenile tried in the adult system." (LeMance, 2013, p.1) In addition, juveniles do not have a right to a public trial by a jury of their peers. The trial part of the case of a juvenile charged with a crime involves evidence being reviewed by the judge and the judge ruling on whether the juvenile is delinquent in what is called an adjudication hearing. (LeMance, 2013, paraphrased) If the juvenile is adjudicated as delinquent, the court determines the resulting action to be taken. The goal of juvenile court is rehabilitation unlike the goal of adult court when the defendant is found guilty, which is that of punishment. The juvenile court system focuses on serving the juvenile's best interests. (LeMance, 2013, paraphrased) The juvenile court...
Juvenile Courts vs. Adult Courts The juvenile justice system is a facet of the United States justice system that focuses exclusively on minors who commit crimes and other delinquencies. The system is utilized in order to focus on the child's best interests as well as society's best interests in terms of the punishments that are given to each offender at the time of their court hearing. The handling of cases within
They must also determine what types of delinquent behavior and youth violence are causing the greatest concern in the community. (Medaris, 1996, para.# 5) As can be seen from the above statement of the first step in implementing the SHOCAP program in any community, first look at statistics on juvenile crime and second ask the community what it is most afraid of with regard to juvenile crime. This intention seriously
Juvenile Crime United States is on the top of western countries experiencing crime activities. Though, till the past decade the rate of crimes has fallen down but still U.S. has the highest rate. Whether they are adults or juveniles, the rate of committing crimes is quite higher in both groups. There are different reasons been explored, why U.S. is facing the highest rate of crimes; however the exploration and discussion is
Parameters of the Juvenile Justice System Development The current juvenile system in the U.S. traces its roots to more than 100 years of legal practices and traditions. Additionally, social values, and emerging trends have continued to improve the system. In ancient Greece and Rome, a thin line of distinction existed between the expectations & rights of children and adults. Children were treated in a similar way the adults were treated (Historical
E. school, religious activities, sports, family involvement)." ("Juvenile detention," 2005, p. 11-12). These negative affects of increased usage not only directly affect juvenile drug abusers with increased occurrence of detention, but also make less effective rehabilitation programs needed for these young offenders. Prevention Programs: Over the last two decades, there have been a plethora of clinical trial research that have identified effective adolescent substance use prevention programs. Sadly, funding for drug use prevention
Juvenile Justice Juvenile delinquents Shifting to a restorative model, acknowledging the needs of victims Juvenile justice: Shifting to a restorative model, acknowledging the needs of victims The adult justice system in America has long focused upon retribution and community restoration as well as rehabilitation of offenders. Victims must be 'made whole,' not just offenders within the adult system. However, the juvenile justice system has had a far less clear focus upon the restoration of justice
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