Such formal means are needed to prevent validity questions as those that came about following the first standards mandated in 1989. This is not to say updating the standards is not without risk, for in modern society counselors must now concern themselves with "litigious" claims in a "litigious climate" (Cobia & Pipes, 2002:140). This means counselors agreeing to serve clients, and clients willing to enter into trusting relationships feel more

" This involves coming up with a list of the consequences of reacting to an event (Budman, 1992). This means that they describe what emotions the activating event made them feel. The principles facilitate being rational because they shift focus from emotions to logic. The group gets an opportunity to look at the problems they face from a rational perspective, which creates room for possibilities. Thinking rationally helps in creating many

(Awe, Portman & Garrett, 2005) Mutual empowerment also includes the kind of encouragement and inspiration that is provided by mentors to other counselors. Mentors can have an enormously positive and regenerative effect on professional counselors and their work, as shown by the study conducted by Sandy Magnuson, Ken Norem, and S. Allen Wilcoxon. Study participants described mentors' input as "validating." They joined professional organizations, or expanded the scope of

Frankel (2008) argues that formal on-to-one supervision facilitates positive staff development. . Effective supervision practice promotes professional growth and development. An individual staff needs to interact always with a supervisor to enhance knowledge development. With the shortcoming identified in the supervision practice in various professions and my work place, the paper provides recommendations to enhance supervisory practice. Recommendations to enhance Supervisory Practice. Ideal supervisory practice requires good communication. Within a work

Therapy may also be aimed at either children or adults. Usually a therapist will concentrate on one or the other, as children require special approaches and not all therapists work well with children (Good 22). Couples and family counselors deal with marriage and family therapy in a brief, solution-focused way. This often means that the therapist addresses very specific problems and looks to attain therapeutic goals, with counseling done with

Attitudes toward the teacher-psychologist working relationship and the utility of advice on classroom management were most positive among promoted teachers, followed by psychologists, and then new and unpromoted staff. Student Involvement The attitudes of the students are clearly of importance to the school health counselor and must be taken into account in both the consultative and counseling roles. West, Kayser, Overton, and Saltmarsh (1991) note certain student perceptions that inhibit counseling.