¶ … ISLAND EARTHQUAKE PRONE?
Earthquakes
Exactly two years ago, a 3.9 magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of Long Island and New Jersey and caused no significant damage (Perez-Pena, 2010). In contrast, the largest quake on record (5.5) for the New York City area occurred in 1884, could be felt as far away as Ohio, Virginia, and Maine, and damage was limited to chimneys and cracked walls (USGS, 2009a). Strong earthquakes rarely happen to this area and those over magnitude 5 only occur about once every hundred years, but in terms of quake activity the area ranks fourth behind Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Seattle (Groves, 2001). To understand the seismic hazards of living on Long Island, where I live, the relevant information provided by the U.S. Geological Survey website will be used assess the relative risk for this area.
Major Fault Lines Near Long Island
The primary fault line in the eastern New York area is the Ramapo Fault that runs for 70 miles between Morris County, New Jersey and Bear Mountain, New York, and roughly parallel to the Hudson River (Groves, 2001). Another active fault, the 125th Street Fault, runs through New York City. If the seismic hazard map for New York State is examined, the areas of greatest risk are along the Ramapo and 125th Street fault lines and along the St. Lawrence Seaway south of Montreal, Canada (USGS, 2009b). On Long Island, the risk diminishes the further away from New York City a person goes, such that the eastern half of the island has little earthquake risk. For example, the 2% seismic hazard over 50 years is 0.16 to 0.18 g (yellow/green) on the western end of Long Island and diminishes to 0.8 to 0.10 g (light blue) at the eastern 1/3 of the island.
Relative Risk
There are clearly hot zones in terms of the frequency of earthquakes across the continental United States (USGS, 2012a). The distribution of earthquakes in the lower 48 for the past week, reveal frequent, mild earthquakes along...
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