This structure is less efficient, so production levels cannot match those of capitalist states. Ultimately, the lack of productivity and the large number of distortions lead to economic collapse (Tesche, 1993).
Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the pace and nature of economic reforms has differed greatly in the former Soviet states. These range from regions with a virtual continuation of communist dictatorship (Belarus, Transnistria) to full-scale embrace of the free market (Estonia in particular). Russia's economy has only opened somewhat, and only to small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). For the most part, the major firms in the economy are controlled by powerful businessmen with close ties to government. Freedom of capital flows has improved slightly, but the Russian economy overall remains under significant government control. The economy has grown substantially since the breakup of the U.S.S.R., however, in large part due to oil and gas revenues. Outside of the major cities, however, the Russian economy is worse than it was during the Soviet days.
The Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) have embraced the market economy. They have joined the European Union and leveraged their historic trade links along the Baltic (and in the case of Estonia a share cultural heritage with Finland) to attract capital inflows and make investments in the economy. The governments of these three countries have opened their economies significantly. Among the post-Soviet states, Estonia has by far the highest GDP per capita, and the only other nations to best Russia's total are Latvia and Lithuania (CIA World Factbook, 2009).
The other former Soviet states have yet to embrace capitalism. Nations like Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova continue to have economic policies not far removed from those they held under Soviet rule. Each of these countries have varying degrees of political interference in their economies, but maintains a command and control structure with respect to major industries and has not freed their legal system from its constraints. The result is that these three former Soviet Eastern European nations lag Russia's economic performance.
On the other side of Russia, China is attempting to maintain a socialist state while building its economy....
Despite offering particular benefits to post-conflict nations, increased levels of help following civil war also comes with negative upshots that entails a rise in fraud and jeopardizing one of the basic objectives of peacekeeping. Corruption affects the peacebuilding process, institutions and people in a given nation. For instance in Herzegovina and Bosnia, corruption affected the operation of Bosnian judicial institutions (Kahler, 2013). Moreover, the strategy adapted to address fraud in
ExxonMobil Chemical: Analyzing Three Spheres / Political, Economic and Civil Spheres in ExxonMobil Chemical Economic Sphere Political Sphere Civil Sphere What company says about itself Personal Take What Stakeholders said ExxonMobil Chemical, XOM, leads the world in the petrochemical sector, applying cutting-edge, patented technology for developing products that enrich the lives of people across the globe (ExxonMobil, 2015). Economic Sphere The company concentrates on developing its supplier capabilities and human resource, alongside their strategic local community investments. Emphasis is
International Political Economy of East Asia As growth of the economy is something most governments in most developing countries would like to have, the interplay between the politics and economics of such growth-oriented policies becomes all-important. The East Asian region is one of the most diversified regions in the world where neighboring countries can be so different economically, politically, and culturally that it is impossible to draw any common factors that can
Haiti and Dominican Republic: Future Political-Economic Integration Haiti Dominican Republic, a future political economic integration Domestic and regional political processes and competition between different interest groups aid in the explanation of change and development processes or lack of the two in Haiti. Political economy and analytical frameworks contribute in making links between the underlying factors and the impact of development in a public manner. Each country has bodies charged with the aim
International Accounting The Dupont analysis identifies three key equity value drivers. These are operating efficiency, asset use efficiency, and financial leverage. Operating efficiency is measured by the (net) profit margin, asset use efficiency by total asset turnover and financial leverage by the equity multiplier (Investopedia, 2013). Operating efficiency is clearly one path to healthy returns, because firms with higher margins are more likely to earn profit. They can withstand price shocks
The U.S. is a property owning civilization and a number of the people wanted land and housing. Americans however scarcely ever create savings. "The country itself lives on other countries' savings by issuing bonds to finance its excessive consumption. The current crisis began with cheap housing loans offered by banks. Banks provided loans but instead of holding the loan in their books, they packaged them into collateralized debt obligations (CDOs)
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now