¶ … inferential statistic tests used in study. What were these tests typically used for? Why were they chosen here?
The objective of the study was to analyze the true costs of hypertensions. The researchers did this by analyzing the data of four patient groups using propensity score matching to control for possible bias in cost estimates. The regression model that followed estimated for costs of hypertension by controlling for sex, length of hospital stay, Charlson comorbidity index, region of residence, and urbanization of residence.
Researchers used the 2005 MarketScan CCAE database, that contained information about hospitalized patients who belong to more than 100 health insurance plans offered by about 40 employers, in order to estimate hypertension associated hospitalization costs for patients with hypertension as a secondary diagnosis.
The problem was that since more than 95% of the hypertensive patients in the CCAE study had hypertension as secondary rather than primary diagnosis, hypertension-related costs would be dramatically underestimated if they were based only on costs that were incurred by the patients who had a primary diagnosis of hypertension. On the other hand, if cost estimates were based on total costs for all hypertension patients without complications (such as age and gender and other comorbidities included), the costs for hypertension might become grossly exaggerated. For this reason, the researchers used propensity score matching.
Since researchers wanted the true costs of hypertension but since their results after screening the data from the CCAE database resulted in skewed characteristics between patients with hypertension and patients without hypertension, they employed propensity score matching. Examples of difference in distribution of characteristics include the fact that the average age for patients with hypertension...
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