¶ … inclusion, which calls for integration of students with disabilities to the regular classroom/education system in the United States. Specifically, it will provide arguments in favor of using full inclusion in the classroom. What's so special about special education? The children and what they can learn from educational experiences with their peers, that's what's special. Including special education students in the classroom benefits everyone, from the teachers, to the students, to the parents.
FULL INCLUSION
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act (P.L. 94-142) first discussed the issue of full inclusion of students with disabilities in 1975. The act guaranteed "free and appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment" for all children with disabilities. In 1991, the act was amended and renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). However, the act did not mandate full inclusion, and the courts have ruled on several different conceptions of the Act and its meaning. Schools are not required to provide full inclusion to students, and many do not, for a variety of reasons, including funding, lack of teacher training, and even misinterpretation of the term.
Arguments against full inclusion in the classroom are often difficult to dispute, and yet, numerous school districts around the nation have met the challenges of full inclusion, and have developed successful and viable programs for their students. Clearly, the issue of full inclusion is not a simple one. Schools must prepare to include all students in the classroom experience. Teachers must be fully trained, and there must be special support staff available. To meet these needs, there must be funding available from the government to subsidize the training and hiring of trained staff, along with additional training for the current staff.
Countless educators, parents, and school officials all feel full inclusion has a variety of benefits, especially if the children are educated in their "home schools," i.e., they do not have to be transported to another school in the district that is removed from their own neighborhood. One study showed:
educating all students with severe intellectual disabilities in their home schools, had at least four...
Serving students with a full range of abilities and disabilities in the general education class room with appropriate in-class support is how Roach (1995) defines inclusion using this practice. Friend & Bursuck (1996) noted that children with disabilities are considered as full members of the classroom learning community in such setting with their special needs met there. Students with disabilities are helped to establish and maintain social networks and opportunities
The shift toward standardized testing has failed to result in a meaningful reduction of high school dropout rates, and students with disabilities continue to be marginalized by the culture of testing in public education (Dynarski et al., 2008). With that said, the needs of students with specific educational challenges are diverse and complex, and the solutions to their needs are not revealed in the results of standardized testing (Crawford &
..may establish schools for the education and care of the disabled and schools for special education in a way that matches their abilities and aptitudes." This article takes us back to the idea of isolation not integration, by establishing special schools for the disabled. This is a possibility, not an obligation, in accordance with the Minister of Education's inclinations and preferences." (Fekry, Saeed, and Thabet, 2006) It is stated in
Pedagogic Model for Teaching of Technology to Special Education Students Almost thirty years ago, the American federal government passed an act mandating the availability of a free and appropriate public education for all handicapped children. In 1990, this act was updated and reformed as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, which itself was reformed in 1997. At each step, the goal was to make education more equitable and more accessible to
Women in Combat: The Effect of Integration on CI/HUMINT Collection The Effect of Integration on CI/HUMINT Collection: Women in Combat Key Words: #Combat # Integration # CI/HUMINT The success of any counterinsurgency operation depends largely on the effectiveness and appropriateness of intelligence gathered. Human subjects are a crucial source of intelligence for counterinsurgency operations. Recently, the Pentagon announced its plan to open up all ground combat roles that had previously been closed to
Women in Combat: The Effect of Integration on CI/HUMINT Collection The Effect of Integration on CI/HUMINT Collection: Women in Combat Key Words: #Combat # Integration # CI/HUMINT The success of any counterinsurgency operation depends largely on the effectiveness and appropriateness of intelligence gathered. Human subjects are a crucial source of intelligence for counterinsurgency operations. Recently, the Pentagon announced its plan to open up all ground combat roles that had previously been closed to
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