Add to this the Wal-Mart effect of business in general, with companies having to compete with Wal-Mart's low costs, made possible partially due to their low wages, failure to pay overtime, nonexistent benefits, and resistance to unionization, and a ripple effect has been cast on the waters, causing other companies to follow suit, in an effort to be competitive.
Changing Society Equals a Changing Demand for Corporate Social Responsibility:
Today's changing society has increased the demand for corporate social responsibility. The decades of ethical abuse, coupled with the recent financial soul shattering scandals, has called for businesses to renew their social contract with society (Basu & Palazzo, 2008). Society now demands that corporations take responsibility for their interactions with the world.
A generation ago, most people didn't think tobacco was a dangerous health threat. Just a few years ago, obesity was seen as a combination of genetics and unhealthy lifestyle choices - certainly not the responsibility of food companies. Today, ageism is rarely seen as a corporate responsibility beyond compliance with the law - but in an era of dramatic demographic shifts, it soon will be (Zadek, 2004, p. 125).
These few changes demonstrate how societal changes are increasing the demands for corporate social responsibility, and will be increasingly important to managers. Everyone from governments, to activists, to the media are now holding organizations accountable for the social consequences of their actions. A plethora of organizations even rank corporations on the performance of their corporate social responsibility (Porter & Kramer, 2006).
As Zadek (2004) and Scherer and Palazzo (2007) surmise, the trick for managers will be to predict and respond to society's changing awareness of social issues. Yet, due to the complexity of the issues and stakeholders' sometimes underinformed expectations about business capacities and their responsibilities to address these social problems, this task is daunting, at best. Managers that lead the response to social issues...
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