INTRODUCTION
The U.S. was formed by immigrants: they came from Europe—from England, Germany, Poland, Ireland, France, Italy, and many other countries. Later on, they began coming in from Asia, and then from Mexico—particularly during the 20th century when the Bracero Program was put into effect by the U.S. federal government to help ensure that the fields were taken care of while the men were off fighting in WW2 (Calavita 1992). This paper will compare and contrast the experiences of major immigrant groups in America and discuss the factors that account for their success or continued challenges. It will also analyze the issue of what should be the goal—whether immigrants should incorporate or assimilate—and why.
THE EXPERIENCE OF IMMIGRANTS
The Chinese
Chinese immigrants came over to the U.S. in the 19th century and went to work in the mines and on the railroads out West, laying track and laboring intensely under the hot sun. Other than their usefulness at doing jobs few others wanted to do, the Chinese were not looked highly upon by many Americans in power and that is why the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed: it promoted a xenophobic and racist ideology that was held by some Americans towards the Asian immigrants in the 19th and 20th centuries. The law itself basically excluded Chinese from enjoying the rights of being American citizens and strengthened negatives attitudes towards the Chinese. It set “the groundwork for other racially motivated laws that followed” (Hafetz 2012:628) and helped to ensure that hardships for immigrants would be a reality in the U.S. for years to come. The Asian community has always been viewed as suspect among the ruling class, and that was also seen during WW2 when the Asian community was forced into a concentration camp on the West Coast as Japan and the U.S. went to war with one another (Austin 2004). Today, Asians are more accepted in American society as the country has become more liberal—however, there is still some prejudice, especially towards China, as the American President begins to engage in a trade war that will likely cause the Asian population to shudder once more....
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Austin, A. 2004. From Concentration Camp to Campus. Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press.
Bartoletti, Susan C. 2001. Black Potatoes: The Story of the Great Irish Famine, 1845-1850. New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin.
Calavita, Kitty. 1992. Inside the State: The Bracero Program, Immigration, and the I.N. S. New York, NY: Routledge.
Domhoff, Bill. (1982). Jews in the Protestant Establishment. New York, NY: Praeger.
Hafetz, J. 2012. “Immigration and national security law: Converging approaches to state power, individual rights, and judicial review.” ILSA Journal of International and Comparative Law, 18(3):628.
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