Human trafficking is a noun and it is defined as the unlawful movement of people, usually for the purposes of involuntary manual labor or marketable sexual utilization. People who are trafficked are usually kidnapped and sent to other countries where they are then forced into working or selling their bodies.
What is Human Trafficking?
Human trafficking is the enlistment, conveyance, allocation, hiding or receiving of persons, by means of the danger or use of power or other forms of intimidation, of kidnapping, of deceit, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of disbursements or benefits to attain the agreement of an individual having control over another individual, for the purpose of manipulation. Manipulation shall include, at least, the misuse of the prostitution of others or other practices of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, servitude or practices comparable to servitude, slavery or the exclusion of organs. Human traffickers typically operate in groups and run entire businesses off of the people they get from trafficking. They house them for prolonged periods of time in housing that not only conceals them, but also conceals their operations.
Human trafficking affects each year, a multitude of men, women and children, with women and children falling prey to sexual exploitation, fall into the hands of traffickers, in their own land and even overseas. Most countries have experienced in some way or form instances of human trafficking. It can be experienced as a country of source, transportation or terminus for victims. "UNODC, as guardian of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) and the Protocols thereto, assists States in their efforts to implement the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons (Trafficking in Persons Protocol)" ("United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime").
Elements of Human Trafficking
"On the basis of the definition given in the Trafficking in Persons Protocol, it is evident that trafficking in persons has three constituent elements" ("United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime"):
1. The Act or what is done involves the enlistment, transference, handover, harboring or delivery of people
2. The Means or in what manner it is done, consists of use of threats or use of power, intimidation, kidnapping, fraud, trickery, abuse of power or susceptibility, or giving payments or reimbursements to a person in control of the target.
3. The Purpose or why it is done is for exploitation in order to make money. Men trafficked are typically trafficked for labor. Women and female children are trafficked for sexual exploitation or forced prostitution. Some practices may include the removal of organs. To determine whether a specific condition establishes trafficking in individuals, one must understand what constitutes a human being trafficked and what does the person gain from the individual caught and sold or exploited.
Victimization
Victims of human trafficking are often delivered to a country the victim is not a citizen. If they were to try to escape, they would have little rights, and little means to get home and out of the country. "Each year about 17,500 individuals are brought into the United States and held against their will as victims of human trafficking… up to 60,000 annually" ("United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime"). On top of the growing number of trafficked people is the growing cases of women in the late teens to early twenties who are targeted for the sole purpose of sex slavery and sexual exploitation.
Human traffickers also target high risk people like runaways and migrants who will not have any family looking for them or reporting them missing. "These numbers do not include those who are here from previous years, migrants already in the U.S., runaways, displaced persons, and those from oppressed/marginalized groups and the poor" ("United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime"). Because so many young teenage females run away from home due to poor living conditions, they are at highest risk of getting kidnapped and trafficked.
Risk Factors
Most human trafficking victims are women and children. "An estimated 17,500 foreign nationals are trafficked annually in the United States alone. The number of U.S. citizens trafficked within the country are even higher, with an estimated more than 200,000 American children at high risk for trafficking into the sex industry each year" ("United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime"). The people traffickers typically target are poor, burdened or disregarded, and/or may come from broken homes. Traffickers take both U.S. And non-U.S. people. Anyone could fall victim to human trafficking but because over 80% of the victims are said to be women and children, if a person is female and young, that person's risk of being trafficked is higher than...
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