¶ … Human Interaction
Basic Concepts of Human Interaction
Conformity & Obedience
Human interaction is the phenomenon which takes place when two humans have a tendency to have an effect over one another. Individuals are mainly unaware of the fact that they are responding to the external factors and are adapting to the surroundings. Every situation requires the humans to react differently and thus demands a different mannerism altogether. A simple example of such behavior is individual's behavior which shows professionalism in the work-related settings whereas the same individual will exhibit different behavior when found with friends or family. Hence, every situation requires individual to consider the external factors requiring thorough analysis of what to say and how to respond. The two fundamental examples of such behavior are conformity and obedience. These two terms may sound the same however individuals exhibit these two sets of behavior differently in different situations.
Human behavior tends to change in various social settings. Every human has a tendency of acting differently in an unexpected situation. Similarly, there are situations where humans are predicted to react in the similar manner. In everyday life we do the same. We show different behavior to routine process however an unexpected event, calamity, accident or surprise makes us react in a distinguished manner. Human behavior has a contagious nature. In our daily life, we observe ourselves following the mannerism, or thinking pattern of those who influence us. A socially influenced person who exhibits energy at work place is often missed when absent. Similarly, a socially influential leader is always looked up to for mentoring and guidance. We often find ourselves yawning and laughing when somebody in the group does that. A group of people found gazing upward influence an individual passing by, to stop and do the same. This is precisely the phenomena called conformity. Conformity and obedience form the basic social imperatives which design most of our behavioral patterns.
The power of conformity comes from one of human's basic desires: a desire to be socially acceptable and be an acclaimed member of the society. We humans are made to learn since childhood that conformity and obedience are the most suitable behavioral patterns. Conformity is the extent to which the individual will change his/her perception and attitude to be in accordance with the group norms. Now these norms can either be explicit or implicit. As per Fiske, conformity is to follow the crowd and demonstrate adherence to the group norms. Also, as Jetten and Postmes (2006) put it, an individual must feel part of a group and this feeling must be evidently different than what one feels for other groups. However, Fiske's work helps us in reaching a conclusion that the degree of conformity to the group norms varies with individuals. Hence, conformity is to mold one's actions in a manner which is socially acceptable by the social forces with dominance.
Another common behavioral pattern is obedience. It can be defined as "Behavior change produced by the commands of authority (Brehm, Kassin & Fein, 1999, p 232)." Unlike conformity which to show adherence to social norms, obedience to comply strictly with the commands / orders given by the higher authorities. For the existence of the society, obedience is considered as an important social catalyst. This is so because society will fall in to anarchy and a chaotic end if we tend not to follow the orders of our superiors, our parents, teachers, governing authorities. In Fiske (2004), it was stated that obedience has such social influence which may force one to even comply with unreasonable requests coming from higher authorities, without little hesitation.
There are different social settings in which these behaviors exist. Where conformity is the most common behavioral pattern shown by almost every individual under the desire of being socially acceptable. Obedience tends to exist in rather rigid social settings. In autocratic organizations, and rigid social environment, one can see individuals showing strict compliance. It...
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