The weather is moved around by very delicate forces which are the variations between cool and warm areas and their slight variations in constituents. Similar to the complexity of these processes, it's difficult to understand the nature of human influenced climate change.
Carbon dioxide and methane which are primarily greenhouse gases are the derivatives of industrial activities. These greenhouse gases basically gather in the atmosphere and bring changes in the way the earth absorbs and discharge heat. One of the major examples of the effect of these gases is Venus than is hotter than Mercury regardless of the fact that it is farther from the sun. While human beings didn't create the greenhouse gases on Venus, the effects of the gases on Venus are similar to those on the planet. Additionally, as compared to humans, volcanoes create more carbon dioxide while swamps create more methane. Therefore, the three major producers of greenhouse gases are volcanoes, swamps and humans respectively. While it is difficult to determine the extent of their effect on climate, human activities influence climate.
Political Part:
The oil industry being the largest supplier of hydrocarbons will be mostly hurt since curtailing greenhouse gas emissions will be very difficult. Consequently, the oil industry and investors in this field reject the idea of global climate change because the industry will be seriously affected if making of carbon dioxide was stopped. In order to find scientists who disagree with the notion that human activities result in global climate change, the industry and its investors give a lot of money into anti-climate change organizations such as the Heartland Institute. The anti-climate change organizations basically produce complex charts and graphs that suggest that global climate changes all the time in reaction to CO2 and other factors ("Global Climate Change," n.d.).
The other thing that these anti-climate change organizations emphasize on is the name global warming as opposed to global climate change. This emphasis is because it's easier to argue on global warming instead of the global climate change and the fact that people wouldn't mind if the weather was slightly warmer. On the contrary, scientists who suggest that global climate change is as a result of human activities work for the same reason as the anti-climate change scientists. These scientists who work for both intergovernmental and governmental agencies wouldn't be funded if other factors other than human activities are found to be the major cause of global climate change.
Therefore, these intergovernmental and governmental agencies scientists may lose their jobs if global climate change is not caused by any human activity and are motivated to find human-caused global climate change. Similar to most world leaders, more scientists have generally accepted that certain human activities contribute to the changes in global climate. However, this doesn't mean that the scientists and leaders are basically right in their conclusions.
Scientific Evidence that Nature Contributes to Global Climate Change:
While the Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change attributes human activities to be the primary cause of global climate change, the Non-governmental International Panel on Climate Change suggest that nature rather than human activities is the main course of global climate change. This panel rejects the idea fronted by the intergovernmental panel through a careful analysis of the IPCC report and scientific evidence showing the influence of nature on the global climate. The non-governmental panel states that the IPCC fails to reflect on significant scientific issues that would prove that the increase in global temperatures is not as a result of the visible rise in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations. Furthermore, the panel argues that the IPCC does not apply the normally accepted techniques of determining the exact fraction of climate change caused by nature and increase in greenhouse gases.
Moreover, the non-governmental panel states that the intergovernmental panel continues to underestimate the irresistible evidence that the Sun and other atmospheric cloud effects are the causes of historical climate change. Given that these atmospheric conditions associated with the Sun were the causes of previous climate change, there is a probability that they are the major causes of today's global climate change. However, anthropogenic greenhouse gases are also considered to be the causes of global climate change though their contribution is only in a minor fraction.
Internal Oscillations:
As considered on a time range of decades to centuries, natural oscillations of internal basis play a significant role in global climate change (Singer, 2008). While these internal oscillations cannot be predicted or estimated, they are examined on a regional scale and are not associated with human causes. Some of the most famous natural oscillation of internal origin are the Atlantic Multi-Decadal, El Nino-Southern, North Atlantic and Pacific Decadal Oscillations. These oscillations contribute to global climate change regardless of the fact that they are assigned to the atmosphere-ocean system by the IPCC.
Solar Variability:
This is considered to be one of the most important factors that contribute to the recent increases in global temperatures. According to the NPCC, the influence of solar variability on the global climate can no longer be underestimated and neglected. While IPCC initially neglected the influence of solar variability on global climate, the demonstration of its influence is very overwhelming. According to research, the visible variations of carbon-14 are a vivid illustration of the equivalent changes in galactic cosmic rays. These parallel changes are transformed by the differences in solar activity with the intensity of galactic cosmic rays being altered by both the solar wind strength and its associated magnetic field. These studies on solar activity over a given period of time usually from decades to centuries basically reveal the climate effects of fluctuating differences of the galactic cosmic rays. Consequently, the findings have proven that the solar-wind differences are a major cause of global climate change based on a decadal time range.
How Human Activities Cause Global Climate Change:
While it is difficult to examine the exact extent within which human activities contribute to global climate change, there are various ways in which these activities contribute to climate change. Over the past century, there are many visible changes in global climate that have been widely recorded in a number of reports ("Global Climate," n.d.). These human activities lead to climate change by bringing changes to the Earth's atmosphere through greenhouse gases, cloudiness and aerosols. The main human activity that results in climate change emanates from burning of fossil fuels that discharges carbon dioxide gas to the Earth's atmosphere.
Both aerosols and greenhouse gases influence climate by changing the incoming solar emission and outgoing thermal emission. Both the solar and thermal radiations are significant portions of the Earth's energy balance that brings changes to climate if altered or interfered with. When these atmospheric abundance or gas properties are altered, they either result in the cooling or warming of the global climate system. Human activities have generally had a warming influence on the global climate since the beginning of the industrial revolution. This influence of human activities has greatly exceeded the influence of natural causes such as volcanic eruptions and solar variability. Human activities impact global climate through & #8230;
Burning of Coal:
This is one of the major human activities that result in global climate change because it produces radiation of sulfur-containing compounds. The sulfur-containing compounds in turn form sulfate aerosol elements that return some of the inward bound sunlight away from the earth. Consequently, the reflection of the incoming sunlight causes a cooling effect on the Earth's surface. Additionally, these sulfate aerosols have a tendency of making clouds more capable of reflecting sunlight resulting in an extra indirect cooling influence.
Greenhouse Gases:
The four principal greenhouse gases that are released into the Earth's atmosphere by human activities are methane, halocarbons, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide. These greenhouse gases gather in atmosphere resulting in increased concentrations over time with significant increases occurring during the industrial revolution. Carbon dioxide usually increases from various reasons such as the use of fossil fuel in transportation, deforestation, cement manufacturing and decomposition of plant matter. On the other hand, methane has increased as a result of agricultural activities, distribution of natural gas and landfills. However, this gas is not currently increasing in the Earth's atmosphere because of the decrease in growth rates in the last two decades.
While the increase of halocarbons is primarily attributed to human activities, nitrous oxide increases through the use of fertilizers and burning of fossil fuel ("How do Human Activities," 2007). The release of other gases like carbon monoxide through human activities has increased ozone which is a greenhouse gas that is always…
These restoration efforts affect natural wetlands that have been destroyed by mankind and then proposed to become urbanized. Conclusion Although the impact on the climate by humans has had several negative impacts, such impacts have the potential to be stopped and even reversed. Research clearly indicates that recent technological advances can be used in these cases as a valuable tool in determining whether natural processes can be restored, or whether other
Following the Bush Administration's rejection of the Kyoto Protocol in March, the United States declined to participate in these negotiations, which ended with agreement among the parties to proceed without the United States. The United States has indicated it would seek new approaches based on voluntary measures and market mechanisms, but has declined to proclaim a timeframe for a new proposal." (Justus, 3) The policy approach has been intriguing. The
2009). At the same time, a careful scientific study that attempted to account for the natural temperature cycle of the Earth, which is mainly driven by oceanic currents, found that even with natural variability accounted for the trend in the twentieth century has been an unrelenting warming trend (Swanson et al. 2009). Discussion These results lead to varying conclusions regarding the causes of global warming and the effects it will have
"One possible reason," he says, "for this is that most models don't include factors such as irrigation which can influence regional climates," meaning that the increase in large-scale irrigation during the 20th century has not been accounted for in current meteorological models. Bonfils adds that researchers have found "empirical evidence that irrigation has a large cooling effect on local summer daytime temperatures but minimal effect on nighttime temperatures." David Lobell,
Weather Evidence Supporting & Opposing Global Climate Change Global climate change persists a hot point of contention on an international scale. This subject went from ridicule, mockery, and doubt to massive grassroots and nonprofit movements, heated debates, and media headlines. Though there exists scientific research that dates back into the mid 20th century regarding impending climate change, the subject was not take seriously by massive audiences until the 21st century. At first
There are also influential political interests in various industries who are lobbying Congress to promote data that indicates climate change is not related to human activity. The lab experiments support the human origins of global warming through comparing average temperatures and fuel emissions over the course of the industrial era and beforehand. Materials and Methods: The methodology of the study was to examine the standard deviation of temperatures spanning from 1860 (the
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